使用预定义字符分隔字符串

Question

我输入的文字是“ Hi, my name is Will, And i am from Canada. I have 2 pets. One is a dog and the other is a Zebra. Ahoi! Thanks. Hi, my name is Will, And i am from Canada. I have 2 pets. One is a dog and the other is a Zebra. Ahoi! Thanks.

我想把这句话从. 和“！”，我该怎么做。 我也想知道句子是从什么字符中分离出来的。

例如，结果应为：

范例1：

Hi, my name is Will, And i am from Canada || The sentence was split with .

范例2：

Ahoi! || The sentence was split with !

我怎样才能做到这一点？ 到目前为止我的工作：

print (text.split('.')) -这只会打断句子. ，而且我无法确定它曾经用来拆分什么字符。

Answer 1

您可以使用re.split() ：

re.split('[.!]', text)

这会分割[...]字符类中的任何字符：

>>> import re
>>> text = 'Hi, my name is Will, And i am from Canada. I have 2 pets. One is a dog and the other is a Zebra. Ahoi! Thanks.'
>>> re.split('[.!]', text)
['Hi, my name is Will, And i am from Canada', ' I have 2 pets', ' One is a dog and the other is a Zebra', ' Ahoi', ' Thanks', '']

您可以对拆分表达式进行分组，以在输出的单独列表元素中包含字符：

>>> re.split('([.!])', text)
['Hi, my name is Will, And i am from Canada', '.', ' I have 2 pets', '.', ' One is a dog and the other is a Zebra', '.', ' Ahoi', '!', ' Thanks', '.', '']

要使标点符号附加在句子上，请使用re.findall()代替：

>>> re.findall('[^.!]+?[.!]', text)
['Hi, my name is Will, And i am from Canada.', ' I have 2 pets.', ' One is a dog and the other is a Zebra.', ' Ahoi!', ' Thanks.']

Answer 2

>>> sp=re.split('(\.)|(!)','aaa.bbb!ccc!ddd.eee')
>>> sp
['aaa', '.', None, 'bbb', None, '!', 'ccc', None, '!', 'ddd', '.', None, 'eee']
>>> sp[::3] # the result
['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'ddd', 'eee']
>>> sp[1::3] # where matches `.`
['.', None, None, '.']
>>> sp[2::3] # where matches `!`
[None, '!', '!', None]