如何按字母顺序在Python中连接多个排序文件？

Question

如何逐行读取多个CSV输入文件，比较每行中的字符，将第一行按字母顺序写入输出文件，然后前进最小值文件的指针，继续与所有文件进行比较，直到结束到达所有输入文件。 这是一个针对解决方案的粗略计划。

buffer = []

for inFile in inFiles:

    f = open(inFile, "r")
    line = f.next()
    buffer.append([line, inFile])

#find minimum value in buffer alphabetically...
#write it to an output file...

#how do I advance one line in the file with the min value?
#and then continue the line-by-line comparisons in input files?

Answer 1

你可以使用heapq.merge ：

import heapq
import contextlib

files = [open(fn) for fn in inFiles]
with contextlib.nested(*files):
    with open('output', 'w') as f:
        f.writelines(heapq.merge(*files))

在Python 3.x（3.3+）中：

import heapq
import contextlib

with contextlib.ExitStack() as stack:
    files = [stack.enter_context(open(fn)) for fn in inFiles]
    with open('output', 'w') as f:
        f.writelines(heapq.merge(*files))