由于在 Mac OS X 上 brew install gcc 后缺少 fortran 编译器，仍然无法安装 scipy

Question

我已阅读并按照此答案安装 scipy/numpy/theano。 但是，在 brew install gcc 之后，它仍然因缺少 Fortran 编译器的相同错误而失败。 虽然 HomeBrew 安装了 gcc-4.8，但它没有安装任何 gfortran 或 g95 命令。 我认为 gfortran 可能只是 gcc 的同义词，然后我创建了一个符号链接

$ cd /usr/local/bin
$ ln -s gcc-4.8 gfortran
$ pip install scipy

然后它检测到 gfortran 命令，但仍然抱怨没有 Fortran 编译器

customize Gnu95FCompiler
Found executable /usr/local/bin/gfortran
customize NAGFCompiler
Could not locate executable f95
customize AbsoftFCompiler
Could not locate executable f90
Could not locate executable f77
customize IBMFCompiler
Could not locate executable xlf90
Could not locate executable xlf
customize IntelFCompiler
Could not locate executable ifort
Could not locate executable ifc
customize GnuFCompiler
Could not locate executable g77
customize G95FCompiler
Could not locate executable g95
customize PGroupFCompiler
Could not locate executable pgfortran
don't know how to compile Fortran code on platform 'posix'
building 'dfftpack' library
error: library dfftpack has Fortran sources but no Fortran compiler found

我还应该做什么？

Answer 1

通过升级 pip 修复，即使我在同一天第一次重新安装了我的 pip/virtualenv。

(mypy)MAC0227: $ pip install --upgrade pip
...
(mypy)MAC0227: $ pip install theano
/Users/me/.virtualenvs/mypy/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:79: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
  InsecurePlatformWarning
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): theano in /Users/me/.virtualenvs/mypy/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): numpy>=1.6.2 in /Users/me/.virtualenvs/mypy/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from theano)
Collecting scipy>=0.11 (from theano)
/Users/me/.virtualenvs/mypy/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:79: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
  InsecurePlatformWarning
  Downloading scipy-0.15.1-cp27-none-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl (19.8MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 19.8MB 23kB/s
Installing collected packages: scipy
Successfully installed scipy-0.15.1

Answer 2

以下对我有用：

sudo apt-get install gfortran

在我的系统上：

Ubuntu 15.10（Linux 4.2.0-19-generic #23-Ubuntu x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux）

Answer 3

对于 macOS，安装了 Fortran 并且它工作正常。

$ brew install gfortran

Answer 4

这取决于gcc版本。 检查您的 gcc 版本：

Depends: gcc-4.8-base (= 4.8.2-19ubuntu1) but 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 is to be installed

更新您的 gcc 版本： http : //ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2013/08/install-gcc-4-8-via-ppa-in-ubuntu-12-04-13-04/

Answer 5

对于 Arch Linux，您需要安装core/gcc-fortran ，尽管我意识到我也可以将我的requirements.txt文件中的scipy版本更改为可用的最新版本来解决该问题。

Answer 6

我有同样的错误并使用命令：

brew install gfortran

日志显示还安装了 GCC，最后，我可以安装 Scipy。