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如何计算两个日期之间的变量平均值

[英]how to calculate the mean of a variable between two date

我想计算两个日期之间的变量平均值,以下是可重现的数据框。

year <- c(1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,
      1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,1996,
      1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,
      1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997,1997)
month <- c("JAN","FEB","MAR","APR","MAY","JUN","JUL","AUG","SEP","OCT","NOV","DEC")
station <- c("A","A","A","A","A","A","A","A","A","A","A","A",
         "B","B","B","B","B","B","B","B","B","B","B","B")

concentration <- as.numeric(round(runif(48,20,40),1))

df <- data.frame(year,month,station,concentration)


id <- c(1,2,3,4)
station1996 <- c("A","A","B","B")
station1997 <- c("B","A","A","B")
start <- c("06/01/1996","07/01/1996","07/01/1996","08/01/1996")
end <- c("04/01/1997","04/01/1997","04/01/1997","05/01/1997")

participant <- data.frame(id,station1996,station1997,start,end)
participant$start <- as.Date(participant$start, format = "%m/%d/%Y")
participant$end <- as.Date(participant$end, format = "%m/%d/%Y")

所以我有两个数据集如下

df
   year month station concentration
1  1996   JAN       A          24.4
2  1996   FEB       A          37.0
3  1996   MAR       A          39.5
4  1996   APR       A          28.0
...
45 1997   SEP       B          37.7
46 1997   OCT       B          35.2
47 1997   NOV       B          26.8
48 1997   DEC       B          40.0

participant
  id station1996 station1997      start        end
1  1           A           B 1996-06-01 1997-04-01
2  2           A           A 1996-07-01 1997-04-01
3  3           B           A 1996-07-01 1997-04-01
4  4           B           B 1996-08-01 1997-05-01

对于每个ID,我想计算开始日期和结束日期(月份)之间的平均浓度。 注意,该站可能会在几年之间变化。

例如,对于id = 1,我想计算1996年6月到1997年4月之间的平均浓度。这应该基于A站从1996年6月到1996年12月以及B站从1997年1月到1997年4月的浓度。

有人可以帮忙吗?

非常感谢你。

这是一个data.table解决方案。 基本思想是将每个id的开始-结束范围内的所有日期枚举为yearmon ,然后将其用作浓度表df的索引。 这有点令人费解,所以希望有人会来给您展示一种更简单的方法。

library(data.table)
library(zoo)          # for as.yearmon(...)
setDT(df)             # convert to data.table
setDT(participant)
df[, yrmon:= as.yearmon(paste(year,month,sep="-"), format="%Y-%B")]   # add year-month column
p.melt <- reshape(participant, varying=2:3, direction="long", sep="", timevar="year")
x <- participant[, .(date=seq(start,end,by="month")), by=id]
x[, c("year","yrmon"):=.(year(date),as.yearmon(date))]           # add year and year-month
x[p.melt, station:=station, on=c("id","year")]                   # add station
x[df, conc:= concentration, on=c("yrmon","station"), nomatch=0]  # add concentration
setorder(x,id)    # not necessary, but makes it easier to interpret x
result <- x[, .(mean.conc=mean(conc)), by=id]                    # mean(conc) by id
result
#    id mean.conc
# 1:  1  28.61818
# 2:  2  28.56000
# 3:  3  28.44000
# 4:  4  29.60000

因此,首先我们将所有内容都转换为data.tables。 然后,我们将yrmon列添加到df以便以后进行索引。 然后,我们通过将participant重塑为长格式来创建p.melt ,以便站点位于一列中,而指标(1996或1997)位于单独的列中。 然后,我们创建一个临时表x ,其中每个id带有日期序列,并为每个日期添加year和yrmon。 然后,将其与idyear p.melt合并,以将桩号列添加到x 然后,使用yrmonstationxdf合并以获得适当的浓度。 然后我们简单地使用mean(...)x通过id聚合conc

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