在空白处分割字串

Question

我正在尝试读取此奇怪的格式化文本文件，但我不知道如何告诉python每行以定界符开头。

文本文件中的一行如下所示：

     3.146    -1.339      .358    29.214

该文件使用5个空格作为分隔符。 如何将每行读入包含4个项目的列表中？

Answer 1

您可以使用以下方法将每一行读入包含4个项目的列表中：

with open(filename, 'r') as f:

    # this will read in each row as:
    #
    #   ['3.146', '-1.339', '.358', '29.214']
    #
    # so `lines` will contain
    #
    #   [['3.146', '-1.339', '.358', '29.214'], ...]
    lines = map(str.split, f.readlines())

    # or alternatively, as @jez mentioned, it may be more readable to use
    lines = [ line.split() for line in lines ]

    # you'll then likely want to convert them to floats
    # 
    # this will give you:
    #
    #   [[3.146, -1.339, 0.358, 29.214], ...]
    data = [ map(float, split_line) for split_line in lines ]

Answer 2

结合使用split和strip删除多余的空格：

my_file_data = "     3.146    -1.339      .358    29.214"
data = my_file_data.strip().split('     ')
# do stuff with your data
print(data[0])

Answer 3

这是您的分隔符：

delimiter=' '

然后，您只需使用定界符来分割文本行

lineoftext.split(delimiter)