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使用函数变量调用类实例时,Python的“ str”对象没有属性“名称”

[英]Python 'str' object has no attribute 'name' when using a function variable to call a class instance

我刚刚开始学习使用python编程。 我正在尝试制作类似于《口袋妖怪》的游戏,并且试图在游戏中应用OOP。

首先,制作一个Pokemon类,并添加类定义的属性,例如名称,HP,etype,攻击。 “攻击”是列表的字典。

我现在的问题是,我正在尝试开发一个简单的战斗引擎,在这里我可以换掉口袋妖怪。 因此,我将函数/方法命名为fight()。

在其中,我有一个名为current_pokemon.name的变量,因此每当切换出神奇宝贝时,我都可以使用新的神奇宝贝的名称,攻击等。

我使用了raw_input返回一个替换current_pokemon的字符串,该字符串具有一个在皮卡丘实例上调用的.name属性。 相反,我得到的'str'对象没有属性。 为什么不起作用? 当我显式编写pikachu.attribute时,它在功能fight()之外起作用。

class Pokemon(object):
    def __init__(self, name, HP, etype, attacks):
        self.name = name
        self.HP = HP
        self.etype = etype
        self.attacks = attacks #2 attacks with name, dmg, type and power points

geodude = Pokemon("Geodude", 100, "Ground", 
                  attacks = 
                  {"Tackle":["Tackle",30,"Normal","35"], 
                   "Rollout":["Rollout",50,"Rock","20"]
                  })
                    #attacks = {attack:[attack_name, dmg, type, PP]}

pikachu = Pokemon("Pikachu", 100, "Lightning", 
                  attacks = 
                  {"Thunder Shock":["Thunder Shock",40,"Electric"],
                   "Quick Attack":["Quick Attack",40,"Normal"]
                  })

#selects pikachu's attack
print "Pokemon's name is", (pikachu.name)
print "Pikachu's %s attack damages %d" % ((pikachu.attacks["Thunder Shock"][0]),(pikachu.attacks["Thunder Shock"][1]))

pikachu.HP = pikachu.HP - geodude.attacks["Rollout"][1]
print "Pikachu's HP is", (pikachu.HP)
pikachu.HP = pikachu.HP - geodude.attacks["Tackle"][1]
print "Pikachu's HP is", (pikachu.HP)

#Pokemon Battle test with stored variable
#Value selector - replace all var attributes using an easy function
#Use Solution 2

def fight():
    current_pokemon = raw_input("pikachu or geodude? > ")
    print current_pokemon.name
    print current_pokemon.attacks


fight()

输出:

Pokemon's name is Pikachu
Pikachu's Thunder Shock attack damages 40
Pikachu's HP is 50
Pikachu's HP is 20
pikachu or geodude? > pikachu
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "poke_game_stack.py", line 40, in <module>
    fight()
  File "poke_game_stack.py", line 36, in fight
    print current_pokemon.name
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'name'

请帮助菜鸟这个简单的问题! 谢谢!

raw_input()总是返回一个字符串; 它不会返回您使用相同名称存储的对象。

将您的神奇宝贝存储在字典中(将字符串映射到对象),然后使用raw_input()的字符串映射到这些对象之一:

pokemons = {
    'geodude': Pokemon("Geodude", 100, "Ground", 
                  attacks = 
                  {"Tackle":["Tackle",30,"Normal","35"], 
                   "Rollout":["Rollout",50,"Rock","20"]
                  }),

    'pikachu': Pokemon("Pikachu", 100, "Lightning", 
                  attacks = 
                  {"Thunder Shock":["Thunder Shock",40,"Electric"],
                   "Quick Attack":["Quick Attack",40,"Normal"]
                  }),
}

def fight():
    current_pokemon_name = raw_input("pikachu or geodude? > ")
    current_pokemon = pokemons[current_pokemon_name]
    print current_pokemon.name
    print current_pokemon.attacks
current_pokemon = raw_input("pikachu or geodude? > ")
print current_pokemon.name
print current_pokemon.attacks

raw_input()方法返回一个str ,并且字符串没有诸如nameattacks属性。

该函数从输入中读取一行, 将其转换为字符串 (带末尾的换行符),然后将其返回。 读取EOF时,将引发EOFError。

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