使用 Python Paramiko 嵌套 SSH

Question

我有这个场景：

本地主机 --------- 跳转主机 ------- 目标机

我正在尝试使用 Paramiko 在 Python 中编写代码，首先从本地主机到跳转主机的 SSH，然后从跳转主机到目标机器的 SSH。 从目标机器，我想捕获一些输出并将它们作为变量或文件存储在本地（还没有到那个点）。 我从 Stack Overflow 上找到了一个例子，他们谈到在 Paramiko 中使用嵌套的 SSH，我遵循了它，但我被困在这里：

我的代码：

enter code here

#!/usr/bin/python
#
# Paramiko
#
import paramiko
import sys
import subprocess
#
# we instantiate a new object referencing paramiko's SSHClient class
#
vm=paramiko.SSHClient()
vm.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
vm.connect('192.168.115.103',username='osmanl',password='xxxxxx')
#
vmtransport = vm.get_transport()
dest_addr = ('192.168.115.103', 22)
local_addr = ('127.0.0.1', 22)
vmchannel = vmtransport.open_channel("direct-tcpip", dest_addr, local_addr)
#
jhost=paramiko.SSHClient()
jhost.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
jhost.load_host_keys('/home/osmanl/.ssh/known_hosts')
jhost.connect('10.103.53.26', username='latiu', password='xxxx', sock=vmchannel)
#
stdin, stdout, stderr = rtr.exec_command("show version | no-more")
#
print stdout.readline()
#
jhost.close()
vm.close()
# End

---

当我运行上述程序时，出现此错误：

$ python sshvm.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "sshvm.py", line 28, in <module>
    jhost.load_host_keys('/home/osmanl/.ssh/known_hosts')
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko-1.15.2-py2.7.egg/paramiko/client.py", line 121, in load_host_keys
    self._host_keys.load(filename)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko-1.15.2-py2.7.egg/paramiko/hostkeys.py", line 94, in load
    with open(filename, 'r') as f:
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/osmanl/.ssh/known_hosts'

Answer 1

尝试以下编辑过的代码，它应该可以工作：

#!/usr/bin/python
#
# Paramiko
#
import paramiko
import sys
import subprocess
#
# we instantiate a new object referencing paramiko's SSHClient class
#
vm = paramiko.SSHClient()
vm.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
vm.connect('192.168.115.103', username='osmanl', password='xxxxxx')
#
vmtransport = vm.get_transport()
dest_addr = ('10.103.53.26', 22) #edited#
local_addr = ('192.168.115.103', 22) #edited#
vmchannel = vmtransport.open_channel("direct-tcpip", dest_addr, local_addr)
#
jhost = paramiko.SSHClient()
jhost.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
#jhost.load_host_keys('/home/osmanl/.ssh/known_hosts') #disabled#
jhost.connect('10.103.53.26', username='latiu', password='xxxx', sock=vmchannel)
#
stdin, stdout, stderr = jhost.exec_command("show version | no-more") #edited#
#
print stdout.read() #edited#
#
jhost.close()
vm.close()
# End

Answer 2

我知道 OP 专门要求使用Paramiko但我可以很容易地使用fabric来做到这一点。 这是我的解决方案

from fabric import Connection

out = Connection('host1').run('host2 uptime')
print(out.stdout.strip())

这对我来说很好用，我也将输出存储在一个变量中。

Answer 3

我找到了通过 jumphost 登录远程服务器的最简单方法。这太棒了！

    link :https://pypi.org/project/jumpssh/
    import jumpssh

Answer 4

阅读接受的答案后，对源地址和目标地址有点困惑https://stackoverflow.com/a/36096801/1303321 ，所以参考https://www.programcreek.com/python/?code=grycap%2Fim%2Fim- master%2FIM%2FSSH.py这是我最终得到的工作解决方案：

def __run_remote_command(self, command: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
        """
        Private method to run a command in the remote machine via SSH.
        This method establishes the connection; fires the command; collects the output then closes the connection
        :param command: command which needs to be invoked in the remote machine
        :return (stdout, stderr) : Tuple of string containing the standard output and error of the command execution
        """
        stdout, stderr = '', ''
        with paramiko.SSHClient() as jhost:
            jhost.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
            private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(filename=RESOURCES_SERVER_SSH_KEY)
            try:
                jhost.connect(hostname=JUMPHOST_SERVER_URL, username=RESOURCES_SERVER_SSH_USERNAME, pkey=private_key)
                jhost_transport = jhost.get_transport()
                dest_addr = (RESOURCES_SERVER_URL, 22)
                local_addr = (JUMPHOST_SERVER_URL, 22)
                jhost_channel = jhost_transport.open_channel("direct-tcpip", dest_addr, local_addr)

                with paramiko.SSHClient() as target_server:
                    target_server.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
                    target_server_private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(filename=RESOURCES_SERVER_SSH_KEY)
                    target_server.connect(hostname=RESOURCES_SERVER_URL, username=RESOURCES_SERVER_SSH_USERNAME, pkey=target_server_private_key, sock=jhost_channel)

                    self.logger.info(f"Invoking {command} on remote host {RESOURCES_SERVER_URL} over SSH")
                    _, stdout, stderr = target_server.exec_command(command)
                    stdout = stdout.read().decode('utf-8')
                    stderr = stderr.read().decode('utf-8')
            except SSHException as ssh_ex:
                self.logger.error(f"Failed to connect to {RESOURCES_SERVER_URL} ")
                self.logger.exception(ssh_ex, exc_info=True)
                raise BaseException()
        return (stdout, stderr)

Answer 5

我在此代码中得到“一行中的所有内容”输出，并且不确定为什么。 有任何想法吗？ 这是一个例子：

The use of this system may be monitored and recorded for *\r\n* security, administrative or other purposes. By proceeding to log on, you expressly consent to such    *\r\n* monitoring and/or recording.                                                                          *\r\n*********************************************************************************************************\r\nCisco IOS Software, C3750 Software (C3750-IPSERVICESK9-M), Version 15.0(2)SE11, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3)\r\nTechnical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport\r\nCopyright (c) 1986-2017 by Cisco Systems, Inc.\r\nCompiled Sat 19-Aug-17 09:28 by prod_rel_team\r\n\r\nROM: Bootstrap program is C3750 boot loader