升级 Pip 错误信息

Question

当我跑

    pip install --upgrade pip

我收到此错误消息：

    Collecting pip
    Downloading pip-8.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.2MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.2MB 371kB/s 
    Installing collected packages: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 8.0.2
    Uninstalling pip-8.0.2:
    Exception:
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line       209, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 317, in run
    prefix=options.prefix_path,
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line  725, in install
    requirement.uninstall(auto_confirm=True)
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 752, in uninstall
    paths_to_remove.remove(auto_confirm)
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_uninstall.py",line 115, in remove
    renames(path, new_path)
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 266,   in renames
    shutil.move(old, new)
    File"/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 303, in move
    os.unlink(src)
    OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Python/2.7/site- packages/pip-8.0.2.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst'

以前我一直在努力安装和运行几个 python 模块，所以我记得稍微移动了一些文件。 这是导致此错误的原因吗？ 我怎样才能解决这个问题？ 我在 Mac 上。

在此之前，我试图安装 bs4，但收到了类似的错误消息。 （但我怀疑 bs4 安装有更多问题，所以这是以后的另一个问题）。

也很抱歉代码的任何格式问题。 已尽力使它看起来像在终端上。

谢谢。

Answer 1

权限问题意味着您的用户权限不允许您在所需的文件夹（ /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/ ）上进行写入。 基本上你可以做两件事：

1. 以 sudo 身份运行 pip：

    sudo pip install --upgrade pip

2. 将 pip 配置为仅为当前用户安装，如此处和此处所述。

Answer 2

在管理员模式命令提示符下，您可以运行以下命令，这应该可以解决问题：

python -m ensurepip --user

如果您的版本支持，请替换 python3。

Answer 3

最好的方法如下：

$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

因为一般不建议使用

$ sudo pip install

更多答案可以在这里找到： https : //github.com/pypa/pip/issues/5599

Answer 4

DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
ERROR: Could not open requirements file: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'requirement.txt'
WARNING: You are using pip version 19.2.3, however version 20.3.4 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
$ pip install pip
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (21.0.1) 

显示这样的帮助！！！