使用 Python-Selenium 自动登录 GMAIL

Question

我正在尝试使用 Python 的 Selenium 包自动登录 GMail。 但是，我无法完成任务并收到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Surojit\Desktop\Python\automaticpasswordFiller.py", line   21, in <module>
    passwordElem = browser.find_element_by_id('Passwd')
  File "C:\Users\Surojit\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site- packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 266, in  find_element_by_id
    return self.find_element(by=By.ID, value=id_)
  File "C:\Users\Surojit\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site- packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 744, in find_element
    {'using': by, 'value': value})['value']
  File "C:\Users\Surojit\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-  packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 233, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "C:\Users\Surojit\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site- packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py", line 194, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: Unable to locate  element: {"method":"id","selector":"Passwd"}
Stacktrace:
    at FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElementInternal_   (file:///C:/Users/Surojit/AppData/Local/Temp/tmpceecsm46/extensions/fxdriver@goo glecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10770)
     at FirefoxDriver.prototype.findElement   (file:///C:/Users/Surojit/AppData/Local/Temp/tmpceecsm46/extensions/fxdriver@goo  glecode.com/components/driver-component.js:10779)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h   (file:///C:/Users/Surojit/AppData/Local/Temp/tmpceecsm46/extensions/fxdriver@goo    glecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12661)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_    (file:///C:/Users/Surojit/AppData/Local/Temp/tmpceecsm46/extensions/fxdriver@goo glecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12666)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/<   (file:///C:/Users/Surojit/AppData/Local/Temp/tmpceecsm46/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12608) 

我写的简单代码是：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get('http://gmail.com')
action = webdriver.ActionChains(browser)
emailElem = browser.find_element_by_id('Email')
emailElem.send_keys("MyUserName")
browser.find_element_by_name('signIn').click()
#browser.get('https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?         service=mail&continue=https://mail.google.com/mail/#password')
passwordElem = browser.find_element_by_id('Passwd')
passwordElem.send_keys("MyPassword")
browser.find_element_by_name('signIn').click()

此外，我试图通过将其与此处给出的类似问题的答案进行比较来找出代码中的错误： Auto connect on my Gmail account with Python Selenium

有人可以指导我走正确的道路并让我知道我在哪里犯了错误吗？

PS：这是我在 stackoverflow 上的第一篇文章。 请原谅我在发布问题时犯的任何错误

Answer 1

您正在尝试查找尚未加载到 dom 中的元素的Passwd id。 尝试添加一些延迟，以便页面可以加载。

emailElem = browser.find_element_by_id('Email')
emailElem.send_keys('MyUserName')
nextButton = browser.find_element_by_id('next')
nextButton.click()
time.sleep(1)
passwordElem = browser.find_element_by_id('Passwd')
passwordElem.send_keys('MyPassword')
signinButton = browser.find_element_by_id('signIn')
signinButton.click()

推荐的方法是browser.implicitly_wait(num_of_seconds)看到这个

Answer 2

2020 年使用 Gmail 登录要困难得多，因为 Gmail 将 selenium 操作的窗口作为机器人窗口，并会给出这样的消息。 错误的img

但是现在我找到了一种成功的登录方式，没有任何错误或谷歌警告。

您可以登录到另一个网站，因为谷歌将使用另一个网站（如 StackOverflow）或其他一些使用 Gmail 登录的网站接受它作为安全登录。

def gmail_sign_in(email, password):
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    driver.get('https://stackoverflow.com/users/signup?ssrc=head&returnurl=%2fusers%2fstory%2fcurrent')

    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="openid-buttons"]/button[1]').click()

    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="identifierId"]').send_keys(email)

    input = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
        EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="identifierNext"]/span/span'))
    )
    input.click()

    driver.implicitly_wait(1)

    driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="password"]/div[1]/div/div[1]/input').send_keys(password)

    input = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
        EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="passwordNext"]/span/span'))
    )
    input.click()
    driver.implicitly_wait(1)
    driver.get('https://www.google.com/')

希望代码是可以理解的只是这个函数，并把你的电子邮件和密码确保你有适当的导入。

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

Answer 3

I hope that, it will be helpful for automate the gmail in updated chrome version.

from selenium import webdriver
import time


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://gmail.com")

driver.find_element_by_id("identifierId").send_keys('your mail id')
driver.find_element_by_id("identifierNext").click()
time.sleep(5)
driver.find_element_by_name("password").send_keys('your password')
driver.find_element_by_id("passwordNext").click()
time.sleep(5)

driver.get("https://accounts.google.com/SignOutOptions?hl=en&continue=https://mail.google.com/mail&service=mail")
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//button[normalize-space()="Sign out"]').click()
driver.close()

Answer 4

您可以使用 key 来避免再次搜索下一个元素

from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

   def login_gmail(email,password):

     browser.find_element_by_name('Email').send_keys(email+Keys.ENTER)
     time.sleep(2)
     browser.find_element_by_name('Passwd').send_keys(password+Keys.ENTER)

Answer 5

你可以这样做，但我不推荐像 gmail 这样的自动化。 这不会是一个好的做法。 对于测试电子邮件 - 我建议使用一个工具 - https://putsbox.com/

Answer 6

剪切 ID 的方法也不再适用于我。

我检查了文档并发现了许多其他方法来获得成功。

尝试按 NAME 搜索元素，它有效。

password = wait.until(
EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.NAME,'password')))

班级名称

Answer 7

我有另一种解决方案，无需任何喧嚣。 在未检测到的浏览器 v2 中使用Seleniumwire

from seleniumwire.undetected_chromedriver.v2 import Chrome, ChromeOptions
options = {}
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument('--user-data-dir=hash')
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
chrome_options.add_argument("--incognito")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")
# chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = Chrome(seleniumwire_options=options, options=chrome_options)

# use selenium methods as usual to navigate through elements and you will be able to log in.

除此之外，seleniumwire 还有很多很棒的功能，请查看 github仓库

Answer 8

问题是 gmail 改变了登录的方式。 您在一页上插入您的电子邮件，然后单击下一步，然后您会看到一个新页面，您可以在其中插入密码并单击登录。尝试如下操作：

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

browser.get('http://gmail.com')

emailElem = browser.find_element_by_id('Email')
emailElem.send_keys('MyUserName')
nextButton = browser.find_element_by_id('next')
nextButton.click()
passwordElem = browser.find_element_by_id('Passwd')
passwordElem.send_keys('MyPassword')
signinButton = browser.find_element_by_id('signIn')
signinButton.click()

Answer 9

最好的方法是在需要等待任何元素时使用显式等待。 它比time.sleep(1).

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get('http://gmail.com')
wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 10)

password_elem = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID,'Passwd')))
password_elem.send_keys("MyPassword")
browser.find_element_by_name('signIn').click()

希望能帮到你。

Answer 10

这是一个更新的版本

def loginToGmail():
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from time import sleep




chrome_driver = "C:/Python37/chromedriver.exe"
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_driver) 
browser.get('https://gmail.com')

if "inbox" in browser.current_url:
    print("Logged in")
else:
    identifier=WebDriverWait(browser, 30).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME, "identifier"))) 
    identifier.send_keys(LOGIN)
    nextBtn = browser.find_element_by_id ('identifierNext')
    nextBtn.click()
    sleep(1)
    password=WebDriverWait(browser, 30).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME, "password")))
    password.send_keys(PASSWD)
    nextBtn = browser.find_element_by_id('passwordNext')
    nextBtn.click()

    waitTimer=0
    logged=False
    while waitTimer<30 and not logged:
        sleep(1)
        waitTimer+=1
        if "inbox" in browser.current_url: 
            logged=True
            print("Logged in")