虚拟环境无法升级PIP

Question

我正在尝试在虚拟环境中升级 pip。 我在 ubuntu 14.04 机器上使用 venvburrito 包装器。 当我尝试更新它时，出现以下错误：

   (virtual_env) ubuntu@ip-xxxxxxx:~$ pip install pip --upgrade
Collecting pip
  Using cached pip-9.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 8.1.2
    Not uninstalling pip at /home/ubuntu/.venvburrito/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-8.1.2-py2.7.egg, outside environment /home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/virtual_env
Successfully installed pip-8.1.2
You are using pip version 8.1.2, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

如果我在虚拟环境中使用 sudo 尝试，我会收到以下错误：

(virtual_env) ubuntu@ip-xxxxxxx:~$ sudo pip install --upgrade pip
The directory '/home/ubuntu/.cache/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/home/ubuntu/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:318: SNIMissingWarning: An HTTPS request has been made, but the SNI (Subject Name Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this platform. This may cause the server to present an incorrect TLS certificate, which can cause validation failures. You can upgrade to a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/security.html#snimissingwarning.
  SNIMissingWarning
/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:122: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. You can upgrade to a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
  InsecurePlatformWarning
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in ./.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:122: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. You can upgrade to a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
  InsecurePlatformWarning

当我在虚拟环境之外执行此操作时，它会正确安装。

任何帮助都感激不尽。

谢谢

Answer 1

试试这个，对我有用。

(inside virtualenv):easy_install -U pip

要么

(inside virtualenv):easy_install pip

Answer 2

有时这会有所帮助（我有类似的问题，点升级未升级，第一个命令对我有用）：

python -m ensurepip

要么

python -m ensurepip --upgrade

Answer 3

尝试按以下步骤在您的virtualenv中安装它：

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python

Answer 4

看到 pip 的很多问题似乎都可以通过将其作为 python 模块而不是直接运行来解决：

python -m pip install --upgrade pip