如何更改图表中的默认颜色？

Question

我正在创建一个绘制图形的条形图，并根据我的数据集更改的过滤器。

数据集如下所示：

tabNew <- structure(list(Group = c("2016-11", "2016-12", "2017-01", "2017-
02", "2017-03"),
`Did Not Meet Expectations` = c(3, 0.8, 1.5, 0.8, 1.7), 
`Exceeded Expectations` = c(45, 50.6, 32.3, 49.5, 55.6), 
`Met Expectations` = c(51.2, 48.5, 66.2, 49.5, 42.4), 
Unacceptable = c(0.7, 0, 0, 0.1, 0.2)),                                                                                               
.Names = c("Group", "Did Not Meet Expectations",
"Exceeded Expectations", "Met Expectations", "Unacceptable"),                                                                                                                                     
row.names = c(NA, -5L), class = "data.frame")

绘制图表的代码如下：

x <- list(
  title = "Time"
)
y <- list(
  title = "Percent"
)

p <- plot_ly(tabNew, x = ~Group, y = ~`Unacceptable`, colors = c("red", "yellow", "green", "blue"),  
             name = 'Unacceptable', type = 'scatter', mode = 'lines') %>%
  add_trace(y = ~`Did Not Meet Expectations`, name = 'Did Not Meet Expectations') %>%
  add_trace(y = ~`Met Expectations`, name = 'Met Expectations') %>%
  add_trace(y = ~`Exceeded Expectations`, name = 'Exceeded Expectations') %>%
  layout(xaxis = x, yaxis = y)

该图表如下：

此数据集是Group表示Months的示例。 有时基于过滤器， Group可以表示Quarters ，在这种情况下，可能不会有所有其他列。 因此，我们有可能只是Did Not Meet Expectations ， Exceeded Expectations和Met Expectations 。

在任何一种情况下，我都不想要默认颜色。 我希望Unacceptable如果它显示为Red ， Did Not Meet Expectations如果可用显示为Yellow ，同样Met Expectations Blue和Exceeded Expectations为Green 。 有没有办法指定这个顺序？

Answer 1

require(plotly)

df <- data.frame(
  Group        = c("2016-11", "2016-12", "2017-01", "2017-02", "2017-03"),
  DidNot       = c(3, 0.8, 1.5, 0.8, 1.7),
  Exceeded     = c(45, 50.6, 32.3, 49.5, 55.6),
  Met          = c(0.7, 0, 0, 0.1, 0.2),
  Unacceptable = c(0.7, 0, 0, 0.1, 0.2)
  )

plot_ly(df, x = ~Group) %>%
  add_trace(y = ~Exceeded, 
            name = "Exceeded Expectations", 
            type = "scatter", 
            mode = "lines",
            line = list(color = "green")) %>%
  add_trace(y = ~Unacceptable, 
            name = "Unacceptable", 
            type = "scatter", 
            mode = "lines",
            line = list(color = "red")) %>%
  layout(xaxis = list(title = "Time"),
         yaxis = list(title = "Percent"))

此代码生成：

我修改了你的数据帧语法，以便我更整洁，我显然没有为你绘制所有的行，但你得到了图片。

Answer 2

p <- plot_ly(tabNew, x = ~Group, y = ~`Unacceptable`,
     name = 'Unacceptable', type = 'scatter', mode = 'lines',
     line=list(color="red")) %>%
     add_trace(y = ~`Did Not Meet Expectations`, name = 'Did Not Meet Expectations',
     line=list(color="yellow")) %>%
     add_trace(y = ~`Met Expectations`, name = 'Met Expectations',
     line=list(color="green")) %>%
     add_trace(y = ~`Exceeded Expectations`, name = 'Exceeded Expectations',line=list(color="blue")) %>%
     layout(xaxis = x, yaxis = y)

如果您使用的是虹膜数据集

p <- plot_ly(data = iris, x = ~Sepal.Length, y = ~Petal.Length, color = ~Species, , colors=c("Red","Green","Blue"))

Answer 3

另一个选择是以长格式融合data.frame并简单地将标准名称映射到特定颜色（另请参阅R中的散点图和线图 ）：

library(plotly)
library(tidyr) ## to melt data.frame

## create long-format data.frame
df <- data.frame(
        Group        = c("2016-11", "2016-12", "2017-01", "2017-02", "2017-03"),
        DidNot       = c(3, 0.8, 1.5, 0.8, 1.7),
        Exceeded     = c(45, 50.6, 32.3, 49.5, 55.6),
        Met          = c(51.2, 48.5, 66.2, 49.5, 42.4),
        Unacceptable = c(0.7, 0, 0, 0.1, 0.2)
     ) %>%
     gather(key = "criterion", value = "measurement", -Group)

## specify color maps
colors <- c("red", "gold", "blue", "green")
names(colors) <- c("Unacceptable", "DidNot", "Met", "Exceeded")

## create plot
plot_ly(df, x = ~Group) %>%
  add_lines(y = ~measurement, color = ~criterion, colors = colors) %>%
  layout(xaxis = list(title = "Time"), 
         yaxis = list(title = "Percent")
  )

当data.frame中不存在所有列名时，这也应该有效。