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无法推动所生成的下一页的链接以递归方式进行爬网

[英]Can't propel the generated links for next page to crawl recursively

我创建的搜寻器正在从网页中获取名称和网址。 现在,我完全不知道让我的搜寻器使用next_page生成的链接来从下一页获取数据。 对于使用类创建搜寻器,我是一个新手,这是因为我无法进一步思考。 我已经采取主动对代码稍作改动,但是它既不会带来任何结果,也不会引发任何错误。 希望有人来看看它。

import requests
from lxml import html

class wiseowl:
    def __init__(self,start_url):
        self.start_url=start_url
        self.storage=[]

    def crawl(self):
        self.get_link(self.start_url)

    def get_link(self,link):
        url="http://www.wiseowl.co.uk"
        response=requests.get(link)
        tree=html.fromstring(response.text)
        name=tree.xpath("//p[@class='woVideoListDefaultSeriesTitle']/a/text()")
        urls=tree.xpath("//p[@class='woVideoListDefaultSeriesTitle']/a/@href")
        docs=(name,urls)
        self.storage.append(docs)

        next_page=tree.xpath("//div[contains(concat(' ', @class, ' '), ' woPaging ')]//a[@class='woPagingItem']/@href")
        for npage in next_page:
            if npage is not None:
                self.get_link(url+npage)


    def __str__(self):
        return "{}".format(self.storage)


crawler=wiseowl("http://www.wiseowl.co.uk/videos/")
crawler.crawl()
for item in crawler.storage:
    print(item)

我修改了课程的某些部分,尝试一下:

class wiseowl:
    def __init__(self,start_url):
        self.start_url=start_url
        self.links = [ self.start_url ]    #  a list of links to crawl # 
        self.storage=[]

    def crawl(self): 
        for link in self.links :    # call get_link for every link in self.links #
            self.get_link(link)

    def get_link(self,link):
        print('Crawling: ' + link)
        url="http://www.wiseowl.co.uk"
        response=requests.get(link)
        tree=html.fromstring(response.text)
        name=tree.xpath("//p[@class='woVideoListDefaultSeriesTitle']/a/text()")
        urls=tree.xpath("//p[@class='woVideoListDefaultSeriesTitle']/a/@href")
        docs=(name,urls)
        #docs=(name, [url+u for u in urls])    # use this line if you want to join the urls # 
        self.storage.append(docs)
        next_page=tree.xpath("//div[contains(concat(' ', @class, ' '), ' woPaging ')]//*[@class='woPagingItem' or @class='woPagingNext']/@href")    # get links form 'woPagingItem' or 'woPagingNext' # 
        for npage in next_page:
            if npage and url+npage not in self.links :    # don't get the same link twice # 
                self.links += [ url+npage ]

    def __str__(self):
        return "{}".format(self.storage)

crawler=wiseowl("http://www.wiseowl.co.uk/videos/")
crawler.crawl()
for item in crawler.storage:
    item = zip(item[0], item[1])
    for i in item : 
        print('{:60} {}'.format(i[0], i[1]))    # you can change 60 to the value you want # 

您应该考虑利用某种数据结构来保存访问过的链接(以避免无限循环)以及尚未访问的链接的容器。 从本质上讲,爬网是互联网的广度优先搜索。 因此,您应该使用Google广度优先搜索来更好地了解底层算法。

  1. 为需要访问的链接实现队列。 每次您访问链接时,请刮除所有链接的页面并使其入队。
  2. 用Python或字典实现一个集合,以检查您已入队的每个链接是否已被访问,如果已被访问,则不要将其入队。
  3. 您的搜寻器方法应类似于:

     def crawler(self): while len(self.queue): curr_link = self.queue.pop(0) # process curr_link here -> scrape and add more links to queue # mark curr_link as visited 

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