重新启动我的Python脚本

Question

所以我创建了这个猜数字游戏。 它可以正常工作，直到需要play_again函数。 我四处张望，试图弄清楚如何重新启动程序。 我已经在我的PyCharm IDE中对此进行了测试，它会以退出代码0退出。真正重启程序的最佳方法是什么，以便它在rand变量中生成一个新数字？

import os
from random import random

import sys


class Game:
    """
    rand is declared by grabbing a number between 0 and 1, multiplying it by 100, and rounding to the nearest integer
    guessed is declared as false in order to keep the while loop running until the number is guessed
    """
    rand = round(random() * 100, 0)
    guessed = False
    print("Guess the number [0 - 100]")

    # This function handles the number guessing and number formatting
    def run_game(self):

        # Assigns the 'answer' variable by grabbing user input from console
        answer = input()

        # Checks if the input from the console is a number, and if not, asks the user to enter a valid number
        if answer.isdigit():

            n = int(answer)

            # Checks the input given against the random number generated
            while not self.guessed:
                if n > int(self.rand):
                    print("Number is less than " + str(n))
                    self.run_game()
                elif n < int(self.rand):
                    print("Number is greater than " + str(n))
                    self.run_game()
                else:
                    print("You have guessed the correct number!")
                    self.guessed = True
                    self.play_again()
        else:
            print("Please enter a number")
            self.run_game()
            return

    def play_again(self):

        reply = input("Play again? (y/n)")

        if reply.lower() == "y":
            python = sys.executable
            os.execl(python, python, *sys.argv)
        elif reply.lower() == "n":
            print("Thanks for playing!")
        else:
            self.play_again()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    game = Game()
    game.run_game()

Answer 1

解

您的代码中有几个错误。 最常见的是您将递归用作循环构造。 不要这样 这是引入错误的好方法，更不用说如果您的“循环”运行了很多次，您将达到递归限制。 只需使用while循环：

def run_game(self):
    while True:
        answer = input()
        if answer.isdigit():
            n = int(answer)
            if n > int(self.rand):
                print("Number is less than " + str(n))
            elif n < int(self.rand):
                print("Number is greater than " + str(n))
            else:
                print("You have guessed the correct number!")
                reply = self.play_again()
                if reply is False:
                    break
        else:
            print("Please enter a number")

请注意，修改后的播放器将返回一个布尔值，该布尔值指示用户是否要再次播放。 如上所述，您在播放器中犯了同样的错误。 不要将递归用作循环，而应使用显式的while循环：

def play_again(self):
    while True:
        reply = input("Play again? (y/n)")
        if reply.lower() == "y":
            return True
        elif reply.lower() == "n":
            return False
        else:
            print("Enter 'y' or 'n'")

改进措施

另外，我没有理由在这里使用类。 您无需跟踪任何全局状态，也无需尝试封装任何数据。 仅使用函数就可以实现更简洁的实现：

def run_game():
    rand = randint(1, 100)
    while True:
        answer = input()
        if answer.isdigit():
            n = int(answer)
            if n > rand:
                print("Number is less than " + str(n))
            elif n < rand:
                print("Number is greater than " + str(n))
            else:
                print("You have guessed the correct number!")
                if not play_again():
                    break
        else:
            print("Please enter a number")


def play_again():
    while True:
        reply = input("Play again? (y/n)")
        if reply.lower() == "y":
            return True
        elif reply.lower() == "n":
            return False
        else:
            print("Enter 'y' or 'n'")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("Guess the number [0 - 100]")
    run_game()

这是我所做的其他一些改进：

• 我用ranint()代替randomm() 。 由于您具有特定范围，因此只需使用randint() 。
• 我删除了对int()的调用，因为不再需要这些调用。

Answer 2

这是重启游戏的一种非常糟糕的方法，您应尽可能避免执行exec 。

另一种方法是根据用户输入返回False或True ，并在函数返回True继续运行游戏：

import os
from random import random

import sys


class Game:
    """
    rand is declared by grabbing a number between 0 and 1, multiplying it by 100, and rounding to the nearest integer
    guessed is declared as false in order to keep the while loop running until the number is guessed
    """
    rand = round(random() * 100, 0)
    guessed = False
    print("Guess the number [0 - 100]")

    # This function handles the number guessing and number formatting
    def run_game(self):

        # Assigns the 'answer' variable by grabbing user input from console
        answer = input()

        # Checks if the input from the console is a number, and if not, asks the user to enter a valid number
        if answer.isdigit():

            n = int(answer)

            # Checks the input given against the random number generated
            while not self.guessed:
                if n > int(self.rand):
                    print("Number is less than " + str(n))
                    self.run_game()
                elif n < int(self.rand):
                    print("Number is greater than " + str(n))
                    self.run_game()
                else:
                    print("You have guessed the correct number!")
                    self.guessed = True
                    return self.play_again()  # Here we run play_again and return its result
        else:
            print("Please enter a number")
            self.run_game()
            return

    def play_again(self):

        reply = input("Play again? (y/n)")

        if reply.lower() == "y":
            return False  # Game isn't finished
        elif reply.lower() == "n":
            print("Thanks for playing!")
            return False  # Game is finished
        else:
            return self.play_again()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    game = Game()
    game_is_finished = False
    while not game_is_finished:
        game_is_finished = game.run_game()