NameError：名称“ self”不是仅在最后一个块中定义吗？

Question

为什么在运行此代码时告诉我“ NameError：未定义名称'self'”？ 我不知道为什么一切都好，除了最后一个块（更新方法）使我知道任何人都可以提供帮助的错误？

这段代码是一个游戏，需要手掌的整个长度，并给您一个随机的字母来从手创建一个单词，当您输入一个正确的单词时，单词中使用的字母会自动删除，直到单词

import random 

class Hand(object):

    self.hand = {}

    def __init__(self, n):
        '''
        Initialize a Hand.

        n: integer, the size of the hand.
        '''
        assert type(n) == int
        self.HAND_SIZE = n
        self.VOWELS = 'aeiou'
        self.CONSONANTS = 'bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz'

        # Deal a new hand
        self.dealNewHand()

    def dealNewHand(self):
        '''
        Deals a new hand, and sets the hand attribute to the new hand.
        '''
        # Set self.hand to a new, empty dictionary
        self.hand = {}

        # Build the hand
        numVowels = self.HAND_SIZE // 3

        for i in range(numVowels):
            x = self.VOWELS[random.randrange(0,len(self.VOWELS))]
            self.hand[x] = self.hand.get(x, 0) + 1

        for i in range(numVowels, self.HAND_SIZE):    
            x = self.CONSONANTS[random.randrange(0,len(self.CONSONANTS))]
            self.hand[x] = self.hand.get(x, 0) + 1

    def setDummyHand(self, handString):
        '''
        Allows you to set a dummy hand. Useful for testing your implementation.

        handString: A string of letters you wish to be in the hand. Length of this
        string must be equal to self.HAND_SIZE.

        This method converts sets the hand attribute to a dictionary
        containing the letters of handString.
        '''
        assert len(handString) == self.HAND_SIZE, "Length of handString ({0}) must equal length of HAND_SIZE ({1})".format(len(handString), self.HAND_SIZE)
        self.hand = {}
        for char in handString:
            self.hand[char] = self.hand.get(char, 0) + 1


    def calculateLen(self):
        '''
        Calculate the length of the hand.
        '''
        ans = 0
        for k in self.hand:
            ans += self.hand[k]
        return ans

    def __str__(self):
        '''
        Display a string representation of the hand.
        '''
        output = ''
        hand_keys = sorted(self.hand.keys())
        for letter in hand_keys:
            for j in range(self.hand[letter]):
                output += letter
        return output

    def update(self, word):
        """
        Does not assume that self.hand has all the letters in word.

        Updates the hand: if self.hand does have all the letters to make
        the word, modifies self.hand by using up the letters in the given word.

        Returns True if the word was able to be made with the letter in
        the hand; False otherwise.

        word: string
        returns: Boolean (if the word was or was not made)
        """

        for i in word :
            if self.hand.get(i , 0) == 0 :
                return False
            else :
                self.hand[i] -=1
        return True

Answer 1

我认为这是这行：

self.hand = {}

在班上最重要的是问题。 在定义类时，没有self 。 该行应位于 __init__方法内。

def __init__(self, n):
    '''
    Initialize a Hand.

    n: integer, the size of the hand.
    '''
    self.hand = {}
    # ... and the rest