uwsgi-nginx-flask: 无法加载应用程序 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)

Question

考虑以下文件结构：

root
|- app
|  |- api { ... }
|  |- logic { ... }
|  |- models { ... }
|  |- schema { ... }
|  |- __init__.py
|  |- config.py
|  |- sql_alchemy.py
|  |- utils.py
|- docker-compose.yml
|- Dockerfile
|- main.py
|- Pipfile
|- Pipfile.lock
|- README.md
|- uwsgi.ini

docker-compose.yml ：

version: '3'

services:
    app:
        restart: always
        build: .
        depends_on:
            - db
        expose:
            - "5000"
        ports:
            - "5000:5000"
    db:
        restart: always
        image: "mysql:5.7.22"
        expose:
            - "3306"
        ports:
            - "3306:3306"
        environment:
            - MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes
            - MYSQL_DATABASE=philipsonska
        volumes:
            - ./data:/var/lib/mysql

Dockerfile ：

FROM tiangolo/uwsgi-nginx-flask:python3.7

COPY ./app /app/app
COPY main.py uwsgi.ini /app/
COPY Pipfile Pipfile.lock /

RUN pip3 install pipenv==10.1.2
RUN pipenv install --three --system

main.py ：

from app import create_app

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = create_app()

    app.run('0.0.0.0', 5000, False)

uwsgi.ini :

[uwsgi]
module = main
callable = app

app/__init__.py ：

from flask import Flask
from flask_cors import CORS
from flask_jwt import JWT

from app.api import Api
from app.config import Config
from app.sql_alchemy import SQLAlchemy


db = SQLAlchemy()
jwt = JWT()
cors = CORS(supports_credentials=True)
api = Api()


def create_app(arg1,arg2) -> Flask:
    from app.logic import AuthLogic

    app = Flask(__name__)
    app.config.from_object(Config)

    jwt.identity_callback = AuthLogic.identity
    jwt.authentication_callback = AuthLogic.auth
    jwt.request_callback = AuthLogic.request
    jwt.auth_response_callback = AuthLogic.response

    api.init_app(app)
    db.init_app(app)
    jwt.init_app(app)
    cors.init_app(app)

    return app

我的问题是，当我运行docker-compose up --build ，出现以下错误： unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)

完整输出：

app_1  | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/supervisor/options.py:298: UserWarning: Supervisord is running as root and it is searching for its configuration file in default locations (including its current working directory); you probably want to specify a "-c" argument specifying an absolute path to a configuration file for improved security.
app_1  |   'Supervisord is running as root and it is searching '
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:09,439 CRIT Supervisor running as root (no user in config file)
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:09,439 INFO Included extra file "/etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf" during parsing
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:09,451 INFO RPC interface 'supervisor' initialized
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:09,451 CRIT Server 'unix_http_server' running without any HTTP authentication checking
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:09,452 INFO supervisord started with pid 1
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:10,454 INFO spawned: 'nginx' with pid 9
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:10,458 INFO spawned: 'uwsgi' with pid 10
app_1  | [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /app/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
app_1  |
app_1  | ;uWSGI instance configuration
app_1  | [uwsgi]
app_1  | cheaper = 2
app_1  | processes = 16
app_1  | ini = /app/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | module = main
app_1  | callable = app
app_1  | ini = /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock
app_1  | chown-socket = nginx:nginx
app_1  | chmod-socket = 664
app_1  | hook-master-start = unix_signal:15 gracefully_kill_them_all
app_1  | need-app = true
app_1  | die-on-term = true
app_1  | show-config = true
app_1  | ;end of configuration
app_1  |
app_1  | *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Wed Jun 26 13:06:10 2019] ***
app_1  | compiled with version: 6.3.0 20170516 on 16 May 2019 04:09:50
app_1  | os: Linux-4.9.125-linuxkit #1 SMP Fri Sep 7 08:20:28 UTC 2018
app_1  | nodename: 8119f4e0b5b1
app_1  | machine: x86_64
app_1  | clock source: unix
app_1  | pcre jit disabled
app_1  | detected number of CPU cores: 2
app_1  | current working directory: /app
app_1  | detected binary path: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi
app_1  | your memory page size is 4096 bytes
app_1  | detected max file descriptor number: 1048576
app_1  | lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
app_1  | thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
app_1  | uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /tmp/uwsgi.sock fd 3
app_1  | uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
app_1  | *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
app_1  | Python version: 3.7.3 (default, May  8 2019, 05:28:42)  [GCC 6.3.0 20170516]
app_1  | *** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
app_1  | Python main interpreter initialized at 0x55dbdc52de70
app_1  | uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
app_1  | *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
app_1  | your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
app_1  | your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
app_1  | mapped 1239640 bytes (1210 KB) for 16 cores
app_1  | *** Operational MODE: preforking ***
app_1  | unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)
app_1  | *** no app loaded. GAME OVER ***
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:10,983 INFO exited: uwsgi (exit status 22; not expected)
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:11,985 INFO success: nginx entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:11,987 INFO spawned: 'uwsgi' with pid 12
app_1  | [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /app/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
app_1  |
app_1  | ;uWSGI instance configuration
app_1  | [uwsgi]
app_1  | cheaper = 2
app_1  | processes = 16
app_1  | ini = /app/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | module = main
app_1  | callable = app
app_1  | ini = /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock
app_1  | chown-socket = nginx:nginx
app_1  | chmod-socket = 664
app_1  | hook-master-start = unix_signal:15 gracefully_kill_them_all
app_1  | need-app = true
app_1  | die-on-term = true
app_1  | show-config = true
app_1  | ;end of configuration
app_1  |
app_1  | *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Wed Jun 26 13:06:11 2019] ***
app_1  | compiled with version: 6.3.0 20170516 on 16 May 2019 04:09:50
app_1  | os: Linux-4.9.125-linuxkit #1 SMP Fri Sep 7 08:20:28 UTC 2018
app_1  | nodename: 8119f4e0b5b1
app_1  | machine: x86_64
app_1  | clock source: unix
app_1  | pcre jit disabled
app_1  | detected number of CPU cores: 2
app_1  | current working directory: /app
app_1  | detected binary path: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi
app_1  | your memory page size is 4096 bytes
app_1  | detected max file descriptor number: 1048576
app_1  | lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
app_1  | thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
app_1  | uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /tmp/uwsgi.sock fd 3
app_1  | uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
app_1  | *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
app_1  | Python version: 3.7.3 (default, May  8 2019, 05:28:42)  [GCC 6.3.0 20170516]
app_1  | *** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
app_1  | Python main interpreter initialized at 0x556f78d61e70
app_1  | uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
app_1  | *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
app_1  | your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
app_1  | your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
app_1  | mapped 1239640 bytes (1210 KB) for 16 cores
app_1  | *** Operational MODE: preforking ***
app_1  | unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)
app_1  | *** no app loaded. GAME OVER ***
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:12,496 INFO exited: uwsgi (exit status 22; not expected)
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:14,501 INFO spawned: 'uwsgi' with pid 13
app_1  | [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /app/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
app_1  |
app_1  | ;uWSGI instance configuration
app_1  | [uwsgi]
app_1  | cheaper = 2
app_1  | processes = 16
app_1  | ini = /app/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | module = main
app_1  | callable = app
app_1  | ini = /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock
app_1  | chown-socket = nginx:nginx
app_1  | chmod-socket = 664
app_1  | hook-master-start = unix_signal:15 gracefully_kill_them_all
app_1  | need-app = true
app_1  | die-on-term = true
app_1  | show-config = true
app_1  | ;end of configuration
app_1  |
app_1  | *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Wed Jun 26 13:06:14 2019] ***
app_1  | compiled with version: 6.3.0 20170516 on 16 May 2019 04:09:50
app_1  | os: Linux-4.9.125-linuxkit #1 SMP Fri Sep 7 08:20:28 UTC 2018
app_1  | nodename: 8119f4e0b5b1
app_1  | machine: x86_64
app_1  | clock source: unix
app_1  | pcre jit disabled
app_1  | detected number of CPU cores: 2
app_1  | current working directory: /app
app_1  | detected binary path: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi
app_1  | your memory page size is 4096 bytes
app_1  | detected max file descriptor number: 1048576
app_1  | lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
app_1  | thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
app_1  | uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /tmp/uwsgi.sock fd 3
app_1  | uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
app_1  | *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
app_1  | Python version: 3.7.3 (default, May  8 2019, 05:28:42)  [GCC 6.3.0 20170516]
app_1  | *** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
app_1  | Python main interpreter initialized at 0x55d7a1bc2e70
app_1  | uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
app_1  | *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
app_1  | your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
app_1  | your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
app_1  | mapped 1239640 bytes (1210 KB) for 16 cores
app_1  | *** Operational MODE: preforking ***
app_1  | unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)
app_1  | *** no app loaded. GAME OVER ***
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:14,848 INFO exited: uwsgi (exit status 22; not expected)
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:17,856 INFO spawned: 'uwsgi' with pid 14
app_1  | [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /app/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
app_1  |
app_1  | ;uWSGI instance configuration
app_1  | [uwsgi]
app_1  | cheaper = 2
app_1  | processes = 16
app_1  | ini = /app/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | module = main
app_1  | callable = app
app_1  | ini = /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
app_1  | socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock
app_1  | chown-socket = nginx:nginx
app_1  | chmod-socket = 664
app_1  | hook-master-start = unix_signal:15 gracefully_kill_them_all
app_1  | need-app = true
app_1  | die-on-term = true
app_1  | show-config = true
app_1  | ;end of configuration
app_1  |
app_1  | *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Wed Jun 26 13:06:17 2019] ***
app_1  | compiled with version: 6.3.0 20170516 on 16 May 2019 04:09:50
app_1  | os: Linux-4.9.125-linuxkit #1 SMP Fri Sep 7 08:20:28 UTC 2018
app_1  | nodename: 8119f4e0b5b1
app_1  | machine: x86_64
app_1  | clock source: unix
app_1  | pcre jit disabled
app_1  | detected number of CPU cores: 2
app_1  | current working directory: /app
app_1  | detected binary path: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi
app_1  | your memory page size is 4096 bytes
app_1  | detected max file descriptor number: 1048576
app_1  | lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
app_1  | thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
app_1  | uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /tmp/uwsgi.sock fd 3
app_1  | uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
app_1  | *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
app_1  | Python version: 3.7.3 (default, May  8 2019, 05:28:42)  [GCC 6.3.0 20170516]
app_1  | *** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
app_1  | Python main interpreter initialized at 0x561dc7635e70
app_1  | uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
app_1  | *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
app_1  | your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
app_1  | your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
app_1  | mapped 1239640 bytes (1210 KB) for 16 cores
app_1  | *** Operational MODE: preforking ***
app_1  | unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)
app_1  | *** no app loaded. GAME OVER ***
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:18,201 INFO exited: uwsgi (exit status 22; not expected)
app_1  | 2019-06-26 13:06:19,202 INFO gave up: uwsgi entered FATAL state, too many start retries too quickly

根据Flask 和 uWSGI - 无法加载 app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)我应该from app import create_app更改为from app import create_app as application ，从 uwsgi.ini 中删除callable = app并更改到应用程序（）。运行（...）。 我试过了，只要服务器能够启动，它就可以工作。 我在 main.py 中做了以下事情：

from app import create_app as application

if __name__ == '__main__':
    application = application()

    application.run('0.0.0.0', 5000, True)

现在我在尝试使用端点时遇到另一个错误， TypeError: create_app() takes 0 positional arguments but 2 were given

我不知道如何继续。 有任何想法吗？

Answer 1

同

[uwsgi]
module = main
callable = app

uwsgi将导入main ，从其中提取app ，期望该app是WSGI应用程序的实例。 Flask的一个实例是WSGI应用程序。 在您使用的结构中执行此操作的标准方法是

from app import create_app

app = create_app()

使用main.py时，您发布的代码未调用create_app() ，因为正在导入main.py 当您实际调用create_app() ，需要从定义中删除未使用的arg1和arg参数。

干

from app import create_app as application

令人困惑，特别是如果您曾经尝试过callable = application 。

Answer 2

你可以尝试将uwsgi.ini更改为

[uwsgi]
module = main
callable = app.app

Answer 3

对于运行 uwsgi + Docker 并遇到无法加载 app 0 callable not found 错误的人，如果将文件夹名称设为“ app ”并不是绝对关键，请尝试将“ app ”文件夹名称更改为“ application ”

我刚刚花了 2 天时间尝试重新组织我们的代码存储库结构和我们的内部 Docker 结构。 这是我必须解决的最后一个问题，解决这个问题非常令人沮丧。

默认情况下，uWSGI 正在寻找一个名为“application”的文件夹，根据此处的文档：

我弄乱了 uwsgi.ini 设置（可调用的，chdir），但没有一个对我有用。 我也尝试了上面的一些建议，但它对我也不起作用。

如果将名称更改为application不起作用，请尝试设置 PYTHONPATH 环境变量。 根据您项目的目录结构，您可能需要为 Python 的加载机制提供一些帮助，以确定在哪里查找文件。 这是我必须在流程早期解决的另一个主要问题。

我在 docker-compose.yml 中设置了我的。 我无法让它在 dockerfile 中工作。 我相信你可以在 uwsgi.ini 中设置，但我自己从未尝试过。

我已经列出了我的配置。 希望这里有足够的东西来引导人们朝着正确的方向前进。

示例配置：

    Our Directory structure (Docker):
    application/
       {Component}/
       Common/

    uwsgi.ini:
    [uwsgi]
        module = main
        callable = application/{Component}

    docker-compose.yml:
        {Component}:
            environment:
               PYTHONPATH: /application/{Component}:/application/Common:/application             

    main.py:
        if __name__ == '__main__':
           app.run(<Your App Run Arguments>)
        else:
           application = app