Python Jupyter Notebook 中的多个内核

Question

我目前安装了 Python 3 并想在 Jupyter 笔记本中安装 Python 2.7 作为第二个 kernel。 我能够安装 Python 2.7，但是，当我在 Jupyter 笔记本中更改内核时，我在 Anaconda 命令提示符中收到以下错误：

    [I 17:49:16.185 NotebookApp] Starting buffering for 069e4484-8d64-46e2-b62a-3588e46b4686:2857761af92f4e9387378c8162efbf40
[I 17:49:16.406 NotebookApp] Kernel shutdown: 069e4484-8d64-46e2-b62a-3588e46b4686
[I 17:49:16.453 NotebookApp] Kernel started: a9d7404d-02f1-4295-854d-0b11120cd3d2
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 174, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 72, in _run_code
    exec code in run_globals
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py", line 15, in <module>
    from ipykernel import kernelapp as app
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\connect.py", line 18, in <module>
    import jupyter_client
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 24, in <module>
    import zmq
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\__init__.py", line 47, in <module>
    from zmq import backend
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    reraise(*exc_info)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
    _ns = select_backend(first)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\select.py", line 28, in select_backend
    mod = __import__(name, fromlist=public_api)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from . import (constants, error, message, context,
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
[I 17:49:19.462 NotebookApp] KernelRestarter: restarting kernel (1/5), new random ports
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 174, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 72, in _run_code
    exec code in run_globals
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py", line 15, in <module>
    from ipykernel import kernelapp as app
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\connect.py", line 18, in <module>
    import jupyter_client
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 24, in <module>
    import zmq
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\__init__.py", line 47, in <module>
    from zmq import backend
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    reraise(*exc_info)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
    _ns = select_backend(first)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\select.py", line 28, in select_backend
    mod = __import__(name, fromlist=public_api)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from . import (constants, error, message, context,
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
[I 17:49:22.484 NotebookApp] KernelRestarter: restarting kernel (2/5), new random ports
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 174, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 72, in _run_code
    exec code in run_globals
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py", line 15, in <module>
    from ipykernel import kernelapp as app
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\connect.py", line 18, in <module>
    import jupyter_client
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 24, in <module>
    import zmq
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\__init__.py", line 47, in <module>
    from zmq import backend
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    reraise(*exc_info)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
    _ns = select_backend(first)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\select.py", line 28, in select_backend
    mod = __import__(name, fromlist=public_api)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from . import (constants, error, message, context,
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
[I 17:49:25.514 NotebookApp] KernelRestarter: restarting kernel (3/5), new random ports
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 174, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 72, in _run_code
    exec code in run_globals
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py", line 15, in <module>
    from ipykernel import kernelapp as app
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\connect.py", line 18, in <module>
    import jupyter_client
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 24, in <module>
    import zmq
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\__init__.py", line 47, in <module>
    from zmq import backend
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    reraise(*exc_info)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
    _ns = select_backend(first)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\select.py", line 28, in select_backend
    mod = __import__(name, fromlist=public_api)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from . import (constants, error, message, context,
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
[I 17:49:28.529 NotebookApp] KernelRestarter: restarting kernel (4/5), new random ports
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 174, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", fname, loader, pkg_name)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\runpy.py", line 72, in _run_code
    exec code in run_globals
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py", line 15, in <module>
    from ipykernel import kernelapp as app
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\connect.py", line 18, in <module>
    import jupyter_client
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 24, in <module>
    import zmq
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\__init__.py", line 47, in <module>
    from zmq import backend
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    reraise(*exc_info)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
    _ns = select_backend(first)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\select.py", line 28, in select_backend
    mod = __import__(name, fromlist=public_api)
  File "C:\Users\Nick Alexander\Anaconda3\envs\py27\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from . import (constants, error, message, context,
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
[W 17:49:31.528 NotebookApp] KernelRestarter: restart failed
[W 17:49:31.528 NotebookApp] Kernel a9d7404d-02f1-4295-854d-0b11120cd3d2 died, removing from map.

所有 python 2.7 安装文件似乎都在错误消息指定的路径中。 谢谢！

Answer 1

我不确定这是否能解决您的问题，但请尝试运行

\path\to\your\install\of\python\python2.7 -m jupyter notebook

这将有望在 python2.7 中打开 jupyter

Answer 2

您是否安装了 Anaconda？

使用 Anaconda，您可以轻松创建具有所需 python 版本的新虚拟环境：

conda create --name py27 python=2.7

将使用 Python 版本 2.7 创建一个新环境。

conda create --name py37 python=3.7

将使用 Python 版本 3.7 创建一个新环境。

这是在同一台机器上使用多个 Python 版本的最佳方式 - 在我看来 - 此外，您不需要在您的机器上安装任何版本的 Python，Z853F30A23CE8B8CCBD6946C91DZ87 将为您完成。