为什么将 Python 升级到 3.8 后 Pip 不工作？

Question

我正在使用 python 3.6.8 和 pip3 开发 2D 游戏。 一切正常。 然后我下载并安装了 python 3.8。 现在，pip 根本无法工作。 这些是我在运行“pip3 install arcade”时遇到的错误：

WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting arcade
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/arcade/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/arcade/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/arcade/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/arcade/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/arcade/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/arcade/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/arcade/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
  ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement arcade (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for arcade
WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping

请帮忙，我想继续制作我的游戏。

Answer 1

错误很明显。 您的ssl模块损坏，因此您无法连接到 HTTPS 站点（如 PyPI）。 也许您安装了错误的 Python 版本，或者它是在运行时依赖于您没有兼容版本的库（如 OpenSSL）而构建的。 如果没有进一步的信息，我们无法知道是什么导致了问题，只能知道您安装的 Python 3.8 已损坏。

如果还没有适用于 Python 3.8 的 Mint package，您始终可以从源代码构建它，但请确保先安装所有依赖项，否则您最终会遇到另一个损坏的安装。

Answer 2

对于 Python 3.8，默认情况下可能未安装 pip。 他们推荐的一种潜在修复方法是运行以下命令。

python -m ensurepip --default-pip

如果您仍然面临问题，您可以在文档的帮助下仔细检查 Python 3.8 的配置过程。