有没有办法将环境变量传递给 python 脚本？

Question

我正在尝试编写一个 python 测试，其中涉及测试提供的环境变量是否有效。 我按如下方式传递环境变量env = EnvironmentVarGuard() env.set('GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS', GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS) GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS是从 python 文件导入的。 GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS在.env中工作但是一旦我从文件中导入我收到以下错误

self.__credentials = ServiceAccountCredentials.from_json_keyfile_dict(
  File "/Users/esir/CFA/DebunkBot/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/oauth2client/service_account.py", line 251, in from_json_keyfile_dict
    return cls._from_parsed_json_keyfile(keyfile_dict, scopes,
  File "/Users/esir/CFA/DebunkBot/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/oauth2client/service_account.py", line 185, in _from_parsed_json_keyfile
    signer = crypt.Signer.from_string(private_key_pkcs8_pem)
  File "/Users/esir/CFA/DebunkBot/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/oauth2client/_pure_python_crypt.py", line 167, in from_string
    marker_id, key_bytes = pem.readPemBlocksFromFile(
  File "/Users/esir/CFA/DebunkBot/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyasn1_modules/pem.py", line 44, in readPemBlocksFromFile
    substrate = ''.encode().join([base64.b64decode(x.encode()) for x in certLines])
  File "/Users/esir/CFA/DebunkBot/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyasn1_modules/pem.py", line 44, in <listcomp>
    substrate = ''.encode().join([base64.b64decode(x.encode()) for x in certLines])
  File "/Users/esir/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/lib/python3.8/base64.py", line 87, in b64decode
    return binascii.a2b_base64(s)
binascii.Error: Incorrect padding

使用环境变量的部分是ServiceAccountCredentials.from_json_keyfile_dict(json.loads(os.getenv('GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS'), strict=False), scopes=self.__scope)

所以我的问题是为什么如果我只是在.env文件上设置GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS但如果我尝试使用EnvironmentVarGuard会失败

更新这是我使用 EnvironmentVarGuard 的方式

env = EnvironmentVarGuard()
env.clear()
env.set('GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS', GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS)

Answer 1

根据文档，我相信您应该将其用作ContextManager ，如下所示：

from test.support import EnvironmentVarGuard
with EnvironmentVarGuard() as env:
    env.clear()
    env.set('GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS', GOOGLE_CREDENTIALS)
    # put your code inside context manager