渲染过程中 IPCRenderer 的电子错误

Question

我正在学习 Electron 和更多节点，但每次与 IPC Renderer 交互时都会出现错误。

render.js:6 Uncaught ReferenceError: Cannot access 'ipc' before initialization
at updateRP (render.js:6)
at HTMLButtonElement.onclick (index.html:11)

据我从各种论坛得知，当我将 nodeIntergation 添加到我的主进程时，问题应该已经得到解决。 我真的很困惑，对此的任何帮助将不胜感激。

代码： HTML

<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Hello World!</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>💖 Hello World!</h1>
    <p>Welcome to your Electron application.</p>
    <button onclick="updateRP()">Update RP</button>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="render.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

主要的

const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron');
const { ipcMain } = require('electron');
const ipc = require('electron').ipcMain;
const path = require('path');
const client = require('discord-rich-presence')('745419354375454901');
 
client.updatePresence({
  state: 'slithering',
  details: '🐍',
  startTimestamp: Date.now(),
  endTimestamp: Date.now() + 1337,
  largeImageKey: 'snek_large',
  smallImageKey: 'snek_small',
  instance: true,
});

// Handle creating/removing shortcuts on Windows when installing/uninstalling.
if (require('electron-squirrel-startup')) { // eslint-disable-line global-require
  app.quit();
}

const createWindow = () => {
  // Create the browser window.
  const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
    width: 800,
    height: 600,
    webPreferences: {
      nodeIntegration: true
    }
  });

  // and load the index.html of the app.
  mainWindow.loadFile(path.join(__dirname, 'index.html'));

  // Open the DevTools.
};

// This method will be called when Electron has finished
// initialization and is ready to create browser windows.
// Some APIs can only be used after this event occurs.
app.on('ready', createWindow);

// Quit when all windows are closed, except on macOS. There, it's common
// for applications and their menu bar to stay active until the user quits
// explicitly with Cmd + Q.
app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
    app.quit();
  }
});

app.on('activate', () => {
  // On OS X it's common to re-create a window in the app when the
  // dock icon is clicked and there are no other windows open.
  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
    createWindow();
  }
});


ipcMain.on("UpdateRP", stateForRP =>{
  client.updatePresence({
  state: stateForRP,
  details: 'test',
  startTimestamp: Date.now(),
  endTimestamp: Date.now() + 1337,
  largeImageKey: 'logo',
  smallImageKey: 'profilepic',
  instance: true,
});
});

使成为

const {ipcRenderer} = require('electron')
const ipc = electron.ipcRenderer;

function updateRP(){
    var stateForRP = "Test";
    ipc.send("UpdateRP", stateForRP);
}

Answer 1

在提供的代码中，处理由require ('electron')返回的对象的解构赋值的方式很奇怪，至少可以说......

在渲染器中：

const {ipcRenderer} = require('electron')
const ipc = electron.ipcRenderer; // The variable *electron* has never been defined!

应该：

const electron = require('electron');
const ipc = electron.ipcRenderer;

或者：

const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron');
const ipc = ipcRenderer;

或者：

const { ipcRenderer: ipc } = require('electron');

同样，在main 中：

const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron');
const { ipcMain } = require('electron');
const ipc = require('electron').ipcMain;

可以在没有任何冗余的情况下重写为：

const { app, BrowserWindow, ipcMain } = require('electron');
const ipc = ipcMain;

或者更简洁地说：

const { app, BrowserWindow, ipcMain: ipc } = require('electron');

[更新]

我刚刚注意到主进程代码中的另一个潜在问题：变量mainWindow必须是global ，以便它的值不会被垃圾收集......请参阅这篇文章。

代替：

const createWindow = () => {
  // Create the browser window.
  const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
    width: 800,
    height: 600,
    webPreferences: {
      nodeIntegration: true
    }
  });

  // and load the index.html of the app.
  mainWindow.loadFile(path.join(__dirname, 'index.html'));

  // Open the DevTools.
};

用：

let mainWindow;

const createWindow = () => {
  // Create the browser window.
  mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
    width: 800,
    height: 600,
    webPreferences: {
      nodeIntegration: true
    }
  });

  // and load the index.html of the app.
  mainWindow.loadFile(path.join(__dirname, 'index.html'));

  // Open the DevTools.
};

Answer 2

这实际上是一个非常简单易行的解决方案

确保包含 Renderer 声明的脚本标记出现在 html 按钮声明之前

这意味着带有渲染器代码的脚本标签应该在<title>...</title>块内

渲染过程中 IPCRenderer 的电子错误

问题描述

2 个解决方案

解决方案1
1 2020-09-10 16:31:51

解决方案2
0 2021-08-17 01:28:19

渲染过程中 IPCRenderer 的电子错误

问题描述

2 个解决方案

解决方案1 1 2020-09-10 16:31:51

解决方案2 0 2021-08-17 01:28:19

解决方案1
1 2020-09-10 16:31:51

解决方案2
0 2021-08-17 01:28:19