如何在 plotly 瀑布图中为柱设置不同的 colors？

Question

我有一个瀑布图，我想分别设置每个条形的颜色（第一个为蓝色，第二个、第三个和第四个为红色，第五个为绿色，第六个为蓝色）。 图表中所有的相关柱都是递增的，而plotly只允许你设置三个colors分别为递增、递减和总计。 有什么办法可以做我想做的事吗？

import plotly.graph_objects as go

fig = go.Figure(go.Waterfall(
    name = "20", orientation = "v",
    measure = ["relative", "relative", "relative", "relative", "relative", "total"],
    x = ["Buy", "Transaction Cost", "Remodeling Cost", "Ownership Cost", "Gain", "Sell"],
    textposition = "outside",
    text = ["$200", "$14", "$45", "$5", "$86", "$350"],
    y = [200, 14, 45, 5, 86, 350],
    connector = {"visible": False}
))
fig.show()

结果：

正如我所说，我希望条形图的颜色为：

blue for the first one, red for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th one, green for 5th one, and blue for 6th one

Answer 1

问题

Ploty 瀑布图栏颜色自定义。 正如OP所提到的，目前 plotly 支持自定义栏 colors 用于减少，增加和总计。

解决方案

在 OP 的示例中，制作条形颜色（蓝色、红色、红色、红色、绿色、蓝色）：

• 在increasing属性中将标记颜色设置为红色
• 在totals属性中设置标记颜色蓝色
• 通过.add_shape()将蓝色和绿色的形状添加到第 1 条和第 4 条

import plotly.graph_objects as go

fig = go.Figure(go.Waterfall(
    name = "20", orientation = "v",
    measure = ["relative", "relative", "relative", "relative", "relative", "total"],
    x = ["Buy", "Transaction Cost", "Remodeling Cost", "Ownership Cost", "Gain", "Sell"],
    textposition = "outside",
    text = ["$200", "$14", "$45", "$5", "$86", "$350"],
    y = [200, 14, 45, 5, 86, 350],
    increasing = {"marker":{"color":"red"}},
    totals = {"marker":{"color":"blue"}},
    connector = {"visible": False}
))

fig.add_shape(
    type="rect", fillcolor="blue", line=dict(color="blue"), opacity=1,
    x0=-0.4, x1=0.4, xref="x", y0=0.0, y1=fig.data[0].y[0], yref="y"
)

fig.add_shape(
    type="rect", fillcolor="green", line=dict(color="green"), opacity=1,
    x0=3.6, x1=4.4, xref="x",
    y0=fig.data[0].y[-1] - fig.data[0].y[-2], y1=fig.data[0].y[-1], yref="y"
)

fig.show()

这将产生 OP 想要的结果

参考

• https://plotly.com/python/waterfall-charts/
• R Plotly：如何在R Plot.ly中设置瀑布图的单个条的颜色？
• https://plotly.com/python/styling-plotly-express/#updating-or-modifying-figures-made-with-plotly-express

Answer 2

我知道这是一个老问题。 但是我一直遇到它并且在每个标记都是动态的时候应用形状时遇到问题。 所以我想出了一个用 css 来处理这个问题的方法。

g.point:nth-of-type(1) path {
fill: blue !important;
stroke: blue !important;}