如何检测pygame中嵌套按钮内的鼠标点击

Question

我正在尝试创建一个 GUI，当您单击按钮时会显示一些按钮。 但是，我无法弄清楚如何检测您是否单击了嵌套按钮。 这是我的代码：

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

import sys
import os
import time
from random import randrange, randint
import base64
from configparser import ConfigParser
import tkinter
from tkinter import Tk, messagebox, simpledialog

configure = ConfigParser()
configure.read('dooroperatingsystempassword.txt')
start_time = time.time()

WIDTH = 801
HEIGHT = 452
CENTER_X = WIDTH / 2
CENTER_Y = HEIGHT / 2

admin = False
complete = False
failed = False
loading = False
first_time_password = True
back_button_dofalsetotrue = 'none'
back_button_dotruetofalse = 'none'

start_screen = True
system_screen = False
privacy_screen = False
account_screen = False
time_button_screen = False
keyboard_screen = False
shutdown_screen = False

system = pygame.image.load(r'images\system_button.png')
privacy = pygame.image.load(r'images\security_button.png')
background = pygame.image.load(r'images\background.png')
shutdown = pygame.image.load(r'images\shutdown.png')
doors_icon = pygame.image.load(r'images\doors2_icon.png')


pygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))

pygame.mouse.set_visible(1)
pygame.display.set_caption('Doors Operating System (DOS)')
pygame.display.set_icon(doors_icon)

root = Tk()
root.withdraw()
shutdown_img_for_tkinter = tkinter.PhotoImage(file=r'images\shutdown.png')
root.iconphoto(False, shutdown_img_for_tkinter)

def letters_off():
    global loading
    if loading:
        loading = False

def decode(decode_message):
    base64_bytes = decode_message.encode('ascii').decode('UTF-8')
    message = base64.b64decode(base64_bytes).decode('UTF-8')
    return message

def check_mouse_pos(pos):
    global start_screen, loading_first_time_password
    global system_screen, privacy_screen, account_screen, time_button_screen, keyboard_screen, shutdown_screen
    print(pos)
    
    if start_screen and pos[0] >= 145 and pos[0] <= 233 and pos[1] >= 85 and pos[1] <= 167:
        password2 = simpledialog.askstring('Welcome to Systems', 'Password?')
        paswrd2 = configure.get('password section 2', 'password2')
        paswrd2 = paswrd2.rstrip()
        paswrd2 = decode(paswrd2)
        if password2 == paswrd2:
            start_screen = False
            system_screen = True
            print('sfdfsfsdfsfsdfsf')
            #while not start_screen and system_screen:
            #    if pos[0] >= 315 and pos[0] <= 403 and pos[1] >= 85 and pos[1] <= 167:
            #        print('es')
    
while not failed:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            position = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            if start_screen:
                check_mouse_pos(position)
    screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
    if first_time_password:
        screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
        pygame.display.update()
        password1 = simpledialog.askstring('Welcome to Doors Operating System', 'Password?')
        paswrd1 = configure.get('password section 1', 'password1')
        paswrd1 = paswrd1.rstrip()
        paswrd1 = decode(paswrd1)
        if password1 == paswrd1:
            print('yay dun')
            first_time_password = False
            if not complete:
                if start_screen and not system_screen:
                    screen.blit(system, (145, 85))
                elif not start_screen and system_screen:
                    screen.blit(shutdown, (315, 85))
        else:
            messagebox.showinfo('Error 001', 'LOL NOOB YOU FAILED ROFL LOL NOOB HAHA LOOK AT YOUR FACE IT LOOKS LIKE DEATH ROFL LOL')
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
    else:
        if not complete:
            if start_screen and not system_screen:
                screen.blit(system, (145, 85))
            elif not start_screen and system_screen:
                screen.blit(shutdown, (315, 85))

        pygame.display.flip()
        pygame.display.update()

首先，我加载我的图像，它工作正常。 接下来，我定义了一个函数decode来解码我的 base 64 编码密码。 然后，我定义了一个函数check_mouse_pos来实际检查鼠标是否点击了图像。 最后，我做了一个while循环来检测我是否点击了我的鼠标。

我是 Pygame 的新手，所以这个问题我觉得微不足道:(

Answer 1

要回答您的问题，它不起作用，因为一旦start_screen变为 False，函数check_mouse_pos()就不会做太多事情。

任何时候你有一堆东西，比如按钮，停下来思考一下：“我如何用一段代码处理所有这些？”

您的程序具有一组按钮的概念，其中一些按钮显示在系统访问的不同阶段。

所以可能你的按钮有一些属性：访问级别、名称、图像、大小、位置。 我假设（猜测）随着用户进行各种登录，更多的按钮变得可用。 为了简单起见，让我们将访问设置为整数， 0表示“已注销”，并从那里增加。

这可能导致以下元组：

logon_butt = ( 0, "Logon",  "logon_button.png", pygame.Rect(   0,0,   128,128) )
exit_butt  = ( 0, "Exit",   "exit_button.png",  pygame.Rect( 160,0,   128,128) )
door1_butt = ( 1, "Door 1", "door.png",         pygame.Rect(   0,160, 128,128) )
door2_butt = ( 1, "Door 2", "door.png",         pygame.Rect( 160,160, 128,128) )
...

或者一个类：

class Button:
    def __init__( self, access, name, image_filename, location, size )
        self.access = access
        self.name   = name
        self.image  = pygame.image.load( image_filename )
        self.image  = pygame.transform.smoothscale( image, size )
        self.rect   = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = location[0]
        self.rect.y = location[1]

logon_butt = Button( 0, "Logon", "logon_button.png", ( 0,0 ),     (128,128) )
exit_butt  = Button( 0, "Exit",  "exit_button.png",  ( 160,0 ),   (128,128) )
door1_butt = Button( 1, "Door1", "door.png",         ( 0,160 ),   (128,128) )
door2_butt = Button( 1, "Door2", "door.png",         ( 160,160 ), (128,128) )
...

一旦你有一个元组或类来保存所有的字段，你的代码就可以列出所有按钮：

all_buttons = [ logon_butt, exit_butt, door1_butt, door2_butt ]  # etc.

当用户完成密码时， user_access_level存储的访问级别编号user_access_level增加。 所以在0他们只能退出或登录。

每次获得鼠标单击事件时，该列表都可以很容易地检查每个按钮：

while not failed:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            position = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            # check which button was pressed
            for butt in all_buttons:
                if ( butt.rect.collidepoint( position ) ):     # click inside button 
                    print( "Button [" + butt.name +"] pressed" )
                    if ( butt.access <= user_access_level ):   # is user allowed?
                        print( "User access OK" )

                    else:
                        print( "No ACCESS" )
                        # TODO - another login level?

上面的代码使用 Button 类，但也可以使用像butt[0]这样的元组进行访问，使用butt[1]表示名称等。

按钮列表还简化了将所有按钮绘制到屏幕的过程：

# repaint screen
screen.blit( background, (0, 0) )

# draw any buttons the user has access to
for butt in all_buttons:
    if ( butt.access <= user_access_level ):
        screen.blit( butt.image, butt.rect )

pygame.display.flip()

顺便说一句：您只需要在主循环中调用pygame.display.flip() （或.update() ）一次。