从一系列连续的时间数据中计算日期 (R)

Question

我有一列连续时间（小时、分钟、秒），间隔不等，持续数天。

例如：

library(lubridate)    
df <- data.frame(Data  = c(1:10),
                     Time = hms(c("10:00:00","15:38:44","22:12:37",
                                  "23:59:00","00:07:28","04:56:00",
                                  "08:01:25","12:10:54","16:08:43",
                                  "20:44:44")))

我想创建一个包含组合日期和时间的新列，假设第一个数据点是在 2020 年 1 月 1 日 10:00:00 获取的。 因此，例如，数据点 8 将获得“02.01.2020 12:10:54”。

我解决这个问题的尝试不值得在这里发布，有人有什么建议吗？

非常感谢！

Answer 1

这有点棘手，但这里有一个解决方案：

require(tidyverse)    
require(lubridate)

dataf <- tibble(Data  = c(1:16),
                 Time = hms(c("10:00:00","15:38:44","22:12:37",
                              "23:59:00","00:07:28","04:56:00",
                              "08:01:25","12:10:54","16:08:43",
                              "20:44:44","00:07:28","04:56:00",
                              "08:01:25","12:10:54","16:08:43",
                              "20:44:44")))

dataf_2 <- dataf %>% 
  mutate(Data = Data + 1,
         Time_n = as.numeric(Time)) %>% 
  select(Data, Time_n)

dataf %>%
  left_join(dataf_2, by = c("Data")) %>%
  replace_na(list(Time_n = 0)) %>% 
  mutate(starting_date = dmy("01/01/2020")) %>% 
  mutate(change_day = if_else(as.numeric(Time) >= Time_n, 0, 1)) %>% 
  arrange(Data) %>% 
  mutate(cumsum=cumsum(change_day),
         t = paste(hour(Time), minute(Time), second(Time))) %>% 
  mutate(final_date = ymd_hms(paste(starting_date + days(cumsum), t))) %>% 
  select(Data, Time, final_date)

它将产生一个 output ，如下所示：

# A tibble: 16 x 3
    Data Time        final_date         
   <dbl> <Period>    <dttm>             
 1     1 10H 0M 0S   2020-01-01 10:00:00
 2     2 15H 38M 44S 2020-01-01 15:38:44
 3     3 22H 12M 37S 2020-01-01 22:12:37
 4     4 23H 59M 0S  2020-01-01 23:59:00
 5     5 7M 28S      2020-01-02 00:07:28
 6     6 4H 56M 0S   2020-01-02 04:56:00
 7     7 8H 1M 25S   2020-01-02 08:01:25
 8     8 12H 10M 54S 2020-01-02 12:10:54
 9     9 16H 8M 43S  2020-01-02 16:08:43
10    10 20H 44M 44S 2020-01-02 20:44:44

Answer 2

这应该有效：

df %>% 
  mutate(
    lag = lag(Time),
    diff = Time - lag,
    add_days = if_else(is.na(diff), 0, if_else(diff < 0, 1, 0)),
    add_days_cum = cumsum(add_days),
    date = ymd("2020-01-01") + days(add_days_cum) + Time
  )