Tkinter 和 matplotlib - 轴的 rest 未清除热图颜色条

Question

我正在使用 tkinter 和 matplotlib（和 seaborn）构建一个 GUI，以显示来自用户选择的 csv 的热图。 我希望热图在每次加载时都使用适当的颜色条进行更新。 每次加载新数据时，我都会清除坐标轴，但颜色条永远不会消失，新的热图会挤到一边。 我也希望清除旧的颜色条，以便新的热图可以正确填充空间。

我做了一个 MWE 来炫耀我的问题：

import numpy as np
import tkinter as tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import seaborn as sns

class App(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self)
        self.state('zoomed')
        self.winfo_toplevel().title('App')

        frame = tk.Frame(self)
        frame.pack()

        button_reload = tk.Button(frame, text='Reload data', command=self.reload_data)
        button_reload.pack()

        self.fig = Figure()
        self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)

        self.fig.tight_layout()  # Small margins
        self.ax.axis('off')  # Disable axis lines
        self.canvas_heatmap = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, master=frame)
        self.canvas_heatmap.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both')

    def reload_data(self):
        # dummy data for example
        data = np.random.rand(3,3)

        # Clear old heatmap from axes
        self.ax.clear()

        # Set up new heatmap
        self.ax = sns.heatmap(data, ax=self.ax, linewidth=0.1)
        self.canvas_heatmap.draw()
        self.canvas_heatmap.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both')  # necessary?
    
def quit_GUI():
    root.quit()
    root.destroy()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = App()
    root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', quit_GUI)  # Kill process on clicking 'X'
    root.mainloop()

这里有一些照片，当我不希望它们出现时，您可以在其中看到颜色条。

目前很好：

坏的：

更差：

我可以继续这样下去，直到我的热图变成一条条。

Answer 1

您需要清除图形并重新制作斧头。

import numpy as np
import tkinter as tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import seaborn as sns

class App(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self)
        self.state('zoomed')
        self.winfo_toplevel().title('App')

        frame = tk.Frame(self)
        frame.pack()

        button_reload = tk.Button(frame, text='Reload data', command=self.reload_data)
        button_reload.pack()

        self.fig = Figure()
        self.canvas_heatmap = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, master=frame)
        self.canvas_heatmap.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both')

    def reload_data(self):
        data = np.random.rand(3,3)
        self.fig.clear()
        ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
        ax.axis('off')  # Disable axis lines
        line = sns.heatmap(data, ax=ax, linewidth=0.1)
        self.fig.tight_layout()  # Should go after the drawing
        self.canvas_heatmap.draw()
        # ~ self.canvas_heatmap.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both')  # not necessary
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = App()
    # ~ root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', quit_GUI)  # not needed
    root.mainloop()