如何在标记（正则表达式）之间用部分字符串替换字符串？

Question

我有一个文本，让我们说：

Lorem ipsum dolor sit [[amet]], consectetur adipiscing elit, 
sed do eiusmod [[time (sample)|tempor]]  incididunt ut [[labore]] et dolore magna aliqua.

我想用tempor替换[[time (sample)|tempor]] 。 结构始终相同： [[string to remove|string to extract]] ，并且可以在文本中出现多次。

我在正则表达式中尝试了正则表达式，但没有截断一半文本就没有成功： re.sub(r'\[.*?\|', '', text)

如何替换字符串？

Answer 1

您可以使用以下正则表达式仅收集相关字段

r'\[\[[\w\s\(\)]+?\|(.+?)\]\]'

import re
regex = r'\[\[[\w\s\(\)]+?\|(.+?)\]\]'

text = '''
Lorem ipsum dolor sit [[amet]], consectetur adipiscing elit,
sed do eiusmod [[time (sample)|tempor]]  incididunt ut [[labore]] et dolore magna aliqua.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit [[amet]], consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod [[time (sample)|tempor]]  incididunt ut [[labore]] et dolore magna aliqua.
'''

txt = re.sub(regex, '[[\g<1>]]', text)
print(txt)

Lorem ipsum dolor sit [[amet]], consectetur adipiscing elit,
sed do eiusmod [[tempor]]  incididunt ut [[labore]] et dolore magna aliqua.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit [[amet]], consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod [[tempor]]  incididunt ut [[labore]] et dolore magna aliqua.

Regex101 示例在这里

Answer 2

利用

\[\[(?:(?!\[\[)[^|])*\|(.*?)]]

根据要求替换为[[\1]]或\1 。

见证明。

解释

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  \[                       '['
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  \[                       '['
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (?:                      group, but do not capture (0 or more times
                           (matching the most amount possible)):
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (?!                      look ahead to see if there is not:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      \[                       '['
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      \[                       '['
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    )                        end of look-ahead
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [^|]                     any character except: '|'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )*                       end of grouping
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  \|                       '|'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    .*?                      any character except \n (0 or more times
                             (matching the least amount possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  ]]                       ']]'