每当我运行我的程序时，以下 python tkinter 代码中的字体大小问题不会增加

Question

为什么字体大小没有增加，尽管我在下面的代码中清楚地提到了它，请有人检查告诉我问题所在。 每当我的代码和 select 的文本大小并单击一些数字，如 8 0r 9 或任何其他数字时，字体大小也应根据数字更改，如小数字字体大小应小，大数字字体大小应大但字体大小没有变化。

from tkinter import *
import tkinter.font as font

root = Tk()

root.title("MyCodeEditor")

def run():
    code = editor.get('1.0',END)
    exec(code)
############################ colour theme ######################################################3#
def dark():
    editor.config(background = "black" , foreground = "white",insertbackground = "white")
    root.config(background = "black")
def light():
    editor.config(background = "white" , foreground = "black" , insertbackground = "black" )
    root.config(background = "white")
def blue_sky():
    editor.config(background = "powder blue", foreground = "black" , insertbackground = "black" )
    root.config(background = "powder blue")
####################################### Text style ####################################################33
def terminal_family():
    editor.config(font = 'Terminal')
def modern_family():
    editor.config(font = ('Modern'))
def roman_family():
    editor.config(font = 'Roman')
def default_family():
    editor.config(font = 'Calibri')
def system_family():
    editor.config(font = 'System')
def aerial_family():
    editor.config(font = 'Aerial')
def ms_serif_family ():
    editor.config(font = 'MS_Serif')

############################ Text size #################################################################################################

def eight_size():
    editor.config(font = 8)
def nine_size():
    editor.config(font = 9)
def ten_size():
    editor.config(font = 10)
def eleven_size():
    editor.config(font = 11)
def twelve_size():
    editor.config(font = 12)
def thirteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 13)
def fourteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 14)
def fifteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 15)
def sixteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 16)
def seventeen_size():
    editor.config(font = 17)
def eighteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 18)
def nineteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 19)
def twenty_size():
    editor.config(font = 20)
def twenty_five_size():
    editor.config(font = 25)
def thirty_size():
    editor.config(font = 30)

# menu_bar = Menu(root)
####################################### Menu ############################################################
menu_bar = Menu(root)

file_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
file_bar.add_command(label = 'Open',command = run )
file_bar.add_command(label = 'Save',command = run )
file_bar.add_command(label = 'Save as',command = run )
file_bar.add_command(label = 'Exit',command = exit )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='File',menu = file_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
###########################################################################################################
run_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
run_bar.add_command(label = 'Run',command = run )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Run',menu = run_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
##############################################################################################################
colorTheme_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
colorTheme_bar.add_command(label = 'Light Mode',command = light )
colorTheme_bar.add_command(label = 'Dark Mode',command = dark )
colorTheme_bar.add_command(label = 'Blue Sky Mode',command = blue_sky )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Color Theme',menu = colorTheme_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
# file_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
# file_bar.add_command(label = 'Open',command = run )
# menu_bar.add_cascade(label='File',menu = file_bar)
# root.config(menu = menu_bar)
#####################################################################################################################
fontStyle_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Default',command = default_family)
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Modern',command = modern_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Roman',command = roman_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Ms serif',command = ms_serif_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Aerial',command = aerial_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'System',command = system_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Terminal',command = terminal_family )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Text Style',menu = fontStyle_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
######################################################################################################################################
textSize_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 8,command = eight_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 9,command = nine_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 10,command = ten_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 11,command = eleven_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 12,command = twelve_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 13,command = thirteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 14,command = fourteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 15,command = fifteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 16,command = sixteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 17,command = seventeen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 18,command = eighteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 19,command = nineteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 20,command = twenty_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 25,command = twenty_five_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 30,command = thirty_size )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Text Size',menu = textSize_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
#########################################################################################################
editor = Text()
editor.pack()

root.mainloop()

Answer 1

你的代码有一个致命的缺陷。 每次修改字体时，您都会为小部件提供全新的字体。 例如，考虑以下两行：

editor.config(font = 'Terminal')
editor.config(font = 13)

每次调用这些语句中的一个时，您不仅仅是在更改一个属性，而是在配置一种全新的字体。 当您调用editor.config(font=13)时，您是在告诉 tkinter 创建一个名为“13”的全新字体，它将使用 tkinter 的所有默认字体大小、字体系列等。

一旦您 go 从想要单一字体变为可配置字体，每次您想要更改属性时都创建新字体是错误的解决方案。 相反，您应该使用字体对象。

当您使用字体 object 并更改该字体 object 的大小时，使用该字体的所有小部件将自动更改。 这是 tkinter 的一个非常强大但未被充分利用的功能。

让我们从一个小的工作程序开始：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.font import Font

root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("600x600")
textFont = Font(size=18)
text = tk.Text(root, font=textFont)
text.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

root.mainloop()

请注意，我们创建了一个名为textFont的自定义字体，并将大小初始化为 18 磅。 然后我们创建了一个使用这种字体的文本小部件。 我们还可以以类似的方式设置任何其他参数（系列、粗细、倾斜、下划线、重写），但为了简单起见，我将其省略。

我们可以通过更改textFont object 来修改文本小部件使用的字体。例如，这里有一个 function，它将导致字体增大或缩小我们想要的任何数量。 调用时，每个使用相同textFont的小部件都会增大或缩小。

def change_font_size(delta):
    current_size = textFont.cget("size")
    new_size = int(current_size) + delta
    textFont.configure(size=new_size)

例如，要使字体大两点，您可以这样称呼它：

change_font_size(2)

让我们添加一个简单的“查看”菜单来放大和缩小字体：

menubar = tk.Menu(root)
root.configure(menu=menubar)

viewMenu = tk.Menu(menubar)
menubar.add_cascade(label="View", menu=viewMenu)
viewMenu.add_command(label="Zoom In", command=lambda: change_font_size(2))
viewMenu.add_command(label="Zoom Out", command=lambda: change_font_size(-2))

现在，无论何时您 select “放大”或“缩小”，function 都会被调用，字体会改变，任何使用该字体的小部件都会自动更新。

您可以用类似的方式更改字体系列。 它可能看起来像这样：

def change_font_family(family):
    textFont.configure(family=family)
...
fontFamilyMenu = tk.Menu(...)
for family in ("Terminal", "Ariel", ...):
    fontFamilyMenu.add_command(label=family, command=lambda family=family: change_font_family(family))

----

有关如何在不创建新字体的情况下修改 tkinter 的默认字体的信息，请参阅此问题的答案Modify the default font in Python Tkinter

Answer 2

尝试这样的事情：

import tkinter as tk

def change_size(new_size):
    global font_size
    font_size = new_size
    label.config(font=(font_family, font_size))

def change_font(new_font):
    global font_family
    font_family = new_font
    label.config(font=(font_family, font_size))


font_family = ""
font_size = 10

root = tk.Tk()
label = tk.Label(root, text="This is the label.", font=(font_family, font_size))
label.pack()

for i in range(8, 26):
    text = f"Change text's size to: {i}"
    button = tk.Button(root, text=text, command=lambda i=i: change_size(i))
    button.pack()

font_families_available = ("Terminal", "Modern", "Roman")

for font_family_name in font_families_available:
    text = f"Change text's font to: {font_family_name}"
    command = lambda font_family_name=font_family_name: change_font(font_family_name)
    button = tk.Button(root, text=text, command=command)
    button.pack()

root.mainloop()

它使用 2 个全局变量：字体的font_family和font_size并在按下任何按钮时更新字体

Answer 3

为什么字体大小没有增加，尽管我在下面的代码中明确提到了它，请有人检查告诉我问题。 每当我的代码和 select 在文本大小上并单击某些数字（例如 8 0r 9 或任何其他数字）时，字体大小也应根据数字更改，例如小号字体大小应该小，大号字体大小应该大，但字体大小没有变化。

from tkinter import *
import tkinter.font as font

root = Tk()

root.title("MyCodeEditor")

def run():
    code = editor.get('1.0',END)
    exec(code)
############################ colour theme ######################################################3#
def dark():
    editor.config(background = "black" , foreground = "white",insertbackground = "white")
    root.config(background = "black")
def light():
    editor.config(background = "white" , foreground = "black" , insertbackground = "black" )
    root.config(background = "white")
def blue_sky():
    editor.config(background = "powder blue", foreground = "black" , insertbackground = "black" )
    root.config(background = "powder blue")
####################################### Text style ####################################################33
def terminal_family():
    editor.config(font = 'Terminal')
def modern_family():
    editor.config(font = ('Modern'))
def roman_family():
    editor.config(font = 'Roman')
def default_family():
    editor.config(font = 'Calibri')
def system_family():
    editor.config(font = 'System')
def aerial_family():
    editor.config(font = 'Aerial')
def ms_serif_family ():
    editor.config(font = 'MS_Serif')

############################ Text size #################################################################################################

def eight_size():
    editor.config(font = 8)
def nine_size():
    editor.config(font = 9)
def ten_size():
    editor.config(font = 10)
def eleven_size():
    editor.config(font = 11)
def twelve_size():
    editor.config(font = 12)
def thirteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 13)
def fourteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 14)
def fifteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 15)
def sixteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 16)
def seventeen_size():
    editor.config(font = 17)
def eighteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 18)
def nineteen_size():
    editor.config(font = 19)
def twenty_size():
    editor.config(font = 20)
def twenty_five_size():
    editor.config(font = 25)
def thirty_size():
    editor.config(font = 30)

# menu_bar = Menu(root)
####################################### Menu ############################################################
menu_bar = Menu(root)

file_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
file_bar.add_command(label = 'Open',command = run )
file_bar.add_command(label = 'Save',command = run )
file_bar.add_command(label = 'Save as',command = run )
file_bar.add_command(label = 'Exit',command = exit )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='File',menu = file_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
###########################################################################################################
run_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
run_bar.add_command(label = 'Run',command = run )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Run',menu = run_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
##############################################################################################################
colorTheme_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
colorTheme_bar.add_command(label = 'Light Mode',command = light )
colorTheme_bar.add_command(label = 'Dark Mode',command = dark )
colorTheme_bar.add_command(label = 'Blue Sky Mode',command = blue_sky )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Color Theme',menu = colorTheme_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
# file_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
# file_bar.add_command(label = 'Open',command = run )
# menu_bar.add_cascade(label='File',menu = file_bar)
# root.config(menu = menu_bar)
#####################################################################################################################
fontStyle_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Default',command = default_family)
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Modern',command = modern_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Roman',command = roman_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Ms serif',command = ms_serif_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Aerial',command = aerial_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'System',command = system_family )
fontStyle_bar.add_command(label = 'Terminal',command = terminal_family )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Text Style',menu = fontStyle_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
######################################################################################################################################
textSize_bar = Menu(menu_bar,tearoff = 0)
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 8,command = eight_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 9,command = nine_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 10,command = ten_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 11,command = eleven_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 12,command = twelve_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 13,command = thirteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 14,command = fourteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 15,command = fifteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 16,command = sixteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 17,command = seventeen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 18,command = eighteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 19,command = nineteen_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 20,command = twenty_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 25,command = twenty_five_size )
textSize_bar.add_command(label = 30,command = thirty_size )
menu_bar.add_cascade(label='Text Size',menu = textSize_bar)
root.config(menu = menu_bar)
#########################################################################################################
editor = Text()
editor.pack()

root.mainloop()