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arch x86_64 和 arm64e 可用但 python3 在 Mac M1 上说不兼容的架构

[英]arch x86_64 and arm64e is available but python3 is saying incompatible architecture on Mac M1

我正在尝试在 Mac M1 上运行这个reading-text-in-the-wild 当我尝试运行此代码时

 python3 make_keras_charnet_model.py

我得到错误


Using Theano backend.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cutils.py", line 305, in <module>
    from cutils_ext.cutils_ext import *  # noqa
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e')), '/usr/local/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file), '/usr/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cutils.py", line 316, in <module>
    from cutils_ext.cutils_ext import *  # noqa
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e')), '/usr/local/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file), '/usr/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "make_keras_charnet_model.py", line 10, in <module>
    from keras.models import Sequential, model_from_json
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras/models.py", line 15, in <module>
    from . import backend as K
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras/backend/__init__.py", line 47, in <module>
    from .theano_backend import *
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras/backend/theano_backend.py", line 1, in <module>
    import theano
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/__init__.py", line 76, in <module>
    from theano.scan_module import scan, map, reduce, foldl, foldr, clone
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/scan_module/__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    from theano.scan_module import scan_opt
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/scan_module/scan_opt.py", line 59, in <module>
    from theano import tensor, scalar
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/tensor/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
    from theano.tensor.subtensor import *
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/tensor/subtensor.py", line 27, in <module>
    import theano.gof.cutils  # needed to import cutils_ext
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cutils.py", line 319, in <module>
    compile_cutils()
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cutils.py", line 283, in compile_cutils
    cmodule.GCC_compiler.compile_str('cutils_ext', code, location=loc,
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cmodule.py", line 2212, in compile_str
    return dlimport(lib_filename)
  File "/Users/name/miniforge3/envs/ocr_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/theano/gof/cmodule.py", line 299, in dlimport
    rval = __import__(module_name, {}, {}, [module_name])
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/name/.theano/compiledir_macOS-12.0-arm64-i386-64bit-i386-3.8.6-64/cutils_ext/cutils_ext.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64e')), '/usr/local/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file), '/usr/lib/cutils_ext.so' (no such file)

我已经复制了我的终端以使用 Rosetta 打开副本,但我仍然收到错误。

当我运行下面的命令来检查我的 M1 Mac 上可用的架构时

file /bin/bash

我得到这个 output

/bin/bash:具有 2 种架构的 Mach-O 通用二进制文件:[x86_64:Mach-O 64 位可执行文件 x86_64] [arm64e:Mach-O 64 位可执行文件 arm64e]

/bin/bash (for architecture x86_64): Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64

/bin/bash(用于架构 arm64e):Mach-O 64 位可执行文件 arm64e

我看起来 x86_64 和 arm64e 都可用,但错误是说

(mach-o 文件,但是是一个不兼容的架构(有'x86_64',需要'arm64e')),'/usr/local/lib/cutils_ext.so'(没有这样的文件),'/usr/lib/cutils_ext.所以'(没有这样的文件)

是什么导致了这个错误,我该如何解决?

我已经阅读了很多关于这个问题的信息并且因为我已经从官方 Python 网站安装了 python3-intel64 我没有更多的麻烦)

解决方案:

  1. Go 至https://www.python.org/downloads/macos/
  2. 为项目找到你的版本 Python
  3. 按“下载 macOS 64 位 universal2 安装程序”
  4. 从存档安装 Python(从那时起,您可以使用“python3-intel64”命令运行 Python 而不仅仅是“python”)
  5. 从您安装的基本解释器在项目中创建新的 venv
  6. 将所有要求安装到 venv
  7. 利润!!!

如果您使用macOS 64-bit universal2 installer package 安装 Python 3.8 或 3.9。您可以尝试使用python3-intel64而不是python3

在我的 MacBook M1 中

/usr/local/bin/python3-intel64

从外观上看,您使用的 package 与新的 mac 硬件不兼容。 您需要使用 Rosetta 2 来运行它,它是一个苹果系统组件。

我发现我需要指定架构

所以而不是

python3 make_keras_charnet_model.py

我现在用这个

arch -arm64 python3 make_keras_charnet_model.py

当虚拟环境处于活动状态时,我通常会重新安装抱怨的 package

pip install -U --force <package name>

使用罗塞塔

arch -arm64 python3 -m pip install theano

使用下一个命令安装您的库或运行您的脚本:

arch -x86_64 python3 -pip install [your lib]

我建议删除以前安装的软件包以避免错误

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