pip 安装包时出现问题

Question

请在这里查看我之前的问题。 我整天都在搜索我的问题是什么，但仍然遇到 pip 安装问题。 这次我的错误信息有点不同。 自上一篇文章以来我做了什么：

1. 确保C:\mysys64\mingw64\bin已添加到系统环境变量下的路径中
2. 编辑c_cpp_properties.json特别是 VSCode 中的"intelliSenseMode" ，从"windows-msvc-x64"到"windows-gcc-x64"
3. 重新检查目录C:\msys64\mingw64\include\python3.9\Python.h下的我的 Python.h 文件，以确保错误已被#include <unistd.h>消除。
4. 重试pip install Flask-SQLAlchemy ，现在我收到以下错误...

终端 window output

Using cached Flask_SQLAlchemy-2.5.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (17 kB)
Collecting SQLAlchemy>=0.8.0
  Using cached SQLAlchemy-1.4.29.tar.gz (8.0 MB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Requirement already satisfied: Flask>=0.10 in c:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages (from Flask-SQLAlchemy) (2.0.2)
Requirement already satisfied: itsdangerous>=2.0 in c:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages (from Flask>=0.10->Flask-SQLAlchemy) (2.0.1)
Requirement already satisfied: Jinja2>=3.0 in c:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages (from Flask>=0.10->Flask-SQLAlchemy) (3.0.3)
Requirement already satisfied: click>=7.1.2 in c:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages (from Flask>=0.10->Flask-SQLAlchemy) (8.0.3)
Requirement already satisfied: Werkzeug>=2.0 in c:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages (from Flask>=0.10->Flask-SQLAlchemy) (2.0.2)
Collecting greenlet!=0.4.17
  Using cached greenlet-1.1.2.tar.gz (91 kB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Requirement already satisfied: colorama in c:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages (from click>=7.1.2->Flask>=0.10->Flask-SQLAlchemy) (0.4.4)
Requirement already satisfied: MarkupSafe>=2.0 in c:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages (from Jinja2>=3.0->Flask>=0.10->Flask-SQLAlchemy) (2.0.1)
Building wheels for collected packages: SQLAlchemy, greenlet
  Building wheel for SQLAlchemy (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for SQLAlchemy: filename=SQLAlchemy-1.4.29-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl size=1512539 sha256=80ef3cf51b84f92e8117a57097054fcb25807ebf7755115d7df299bacf17a09d
  Stored in directory: c:\users\t\appdata\local\pip\cache\wheels\6d\94\a6\8bdac6f92ce851f71a9fa62934a06cf2b654700b5f258242c7
  Building wheel for greenlet (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'C:\msys64\mingw64\bin\python.exe' -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\t\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-p182wkp5\\greenlet_78bb1f8ef93a452d8f0a86edfe24f6dd\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\t\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-p182wkp5\\greenlet_78bb1f8ef93a452d8f0a86edfe24f6dd\\setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d 'C:\Users\t\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-iwgszyll'
       cwd: C:\Users\t\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-p182wkp5\greenlet_78bb1f8ef93a452d8f0a86edfe24f6dd\
  Complete output (69 lines):

然后像这样的其他一些错误

"C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.30.30705\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe" /c /nologo /O2 /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -IC:\msys64\mingw64\include -IC:\msys64\mingw64\include\python3.9 "-IC:\Program 
Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.30.30705\ATLMFC\include" "-IC:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.30.30705\include" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.19041.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.19041.0\\shared" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.19041.0\\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.19041.0\\winrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.19041.0\\cppwinrt" /Tcsrc/greenlet/greenlet.c /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-3.9\Release\src/greenlet/greenlet.obj
  greenlet.c
  C:\msys64\mingw64\include\python3.9\Python.h(36): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'unistd.h': No such file or directory
  error: command 'C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2022\\Community\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.30.30705\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for greenlet
  Running setup.py clean for greenlet
Successfully built SQLAlchemy
Failed to build greenlet
Installing collected packages: greenlet, SQLAlchemy, Flask-SQLAlchemy
    Running setup.py install for greenlet ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:

但是，在我的 Python.h 文件中， #include <unistd.h>下不再有波浪线错误行。 请注意，我不知道我在尝试解决此问题时在做什么。 如果有解决方案，请告诉我。

更新 2022.02.01：我卸载了 python 的3.9.7版并安装了3.10.2版。 我已将 pip 更新到版本22.02.2并尝试了下面给出的解决方案。 下载 wheels greenlet‑1.1.2‑cp310‑cp310‑win32.whl和greenlet‑1.1.2‑cp310‑cp310‑win_amd64.whl后，我转到我的下载文件夹并运行以下命令：

C:\Users\t\Downloads>C:\msys64\mingw64\bin\python.exe -m pip install greenlet-1.1.2-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl
ERROR: greenlet-1.1.2-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl is not a supported wheel on this platform.

C:\Users\t\Downloads>C:\msys64\mingw64\bin\python.exe -m pip install greenlet-1.1.2-cp310-cp310-win32.whl
ERROR: greenlet-1.1.2-cp310-cp310-win32.whl is not a supported wheel on this platform.

之后没有工作我尝试 pip 直接pip install greenlet并得到以下 output：

Building wheels for collected packages: greenlet
  Building wheel for greenlet (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [69 lines of output]

再往下

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for greenlet
  Running setup.py clean for greenlet
Failed to build greenlet
Installing collected packages: greenlet
  Running setup.py install for greenlet ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Running setup.py install for greenlet did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [71 lines of output]

再往下（希望这能对问题有所启发）

error: command 'C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2022\\Community\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.30.30705\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> greenlet

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

Answer 1

以下命令解决了我的 m1 Mac 上的问题 -

- brew install graphviz
- python3 -m pip install \           
    --global-option=build_ext \
    --global-option="-I$(brew --prefix graphviz)/include/" \
    --global-option="-L$(brew --prefix graphviz)/lib/" \
    pygraphviz

Answer 2

您可以简单地从这里下载适当的 whl 文件并安装它。

对你greenlet‑1.1.2‑cp39‑cp39‑win_amd64.whl应该是正确的。 下载后， cd到你的下载目录并运行

C:\msys64\mingw64\bin\python.exe -m pip install greenlet‑1.1.2‑cp39‑cp39‑win_amd64.whl

然后再次尝试您的原始安装。

笔记

同一网站上还有一个Flask_SQLAlchemy‑2.5.1‑py3‑none‑any.whl的 whl 文件。 您也可以下载并安装它

Answer 3

py -m pip中的 pip 不同于pip list中的 pip。 您可以通过py -m pip --version和pip --version获取 pip 位置。

我可以通过以下方式成功安装greenlet package：

pip install greenlet --no-cache-dir

我正在使用python310，看起来python39有一些问题。 如果它不起作用，正如@FlyingTeller 建议的那样，您可以手动下载它。

正如您所描述greenlet-1.1.2-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl不起作用，那么您是否尝试过greenlet‑1.1.2‑cp39‑cp39‑win32.whl ？

>>> import platform
>>> platform.architecture()

您可以通过上述代码获得架构。

Answer 4

我更新了 pip 、 setuptools和wheel ，它解决了问题。

pip install --upgrade pip
pip install --upgrade setuptools wheel

注意：如果您的 pip 别名为 pip3 (Python 3)，请使用 pip3 而不是 pip

 pip3 install --upgrade pip
 pip3 install --upgrade setuptools wheel

有关详细信息，请参阅此链接： https://bobbyhadz.com/blog/python-error-legacy-install-failure

Answer 5

我在 Mac M1 上的 PyCharm 中安装 greenlet 2.0.1 时遇到问题。

我升级了：

pip install --upgrade pip

pip install --upgrade setuptools wheel

感谢@joydeba 的评论——我已经安装了 Homebrew：

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

*按照安装结束时的说明进行操作

完成这些步骤后，我可以毫无问题地在 PyCharm 中安装 greenlet！