[英]Generating a 10-digit password
所以我需要生成一个 10 位密码(需要使用random
模块),每次必须包含 2 个小写字母、2 个大写字母、3 个特殊符号和 3 个数字,所有这些都以随机顺序排列。 我已经完成了随机密码生成器部分,但我不确定如何将其限制为 2 个小写字母、2 个大写字母、3 个特殊符号和 3 个数字。
这是我到目前为止所拥有的:
import random
import string
lc_letter = ["a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z"]
uc_letter = ["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"]
symbols = ["!","@","#","$","%","^","&","*","(",")","_","+","=","-","/",">","<",",",".","?","\\"]
numbers = ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"]
options = [lc_letter,uc_letter,symbols,numbers]
for i in range(10):
choice = random.choice(options)
digit = random.choice(choice)
print(digit, end = '')
我建议的另一种方法是,从大写、小写等中取出 2 个字母,然后使用random.shuffle
方法对生成的密码进行随机播放。
首先选择每个需要的字符,然后将它们洗牌:
from random import choice as rd
from random import shuffle
import string
lc_letter = ["a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z"]
uc_letter = ["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"]
symbols = ["!","@","#","$","%","^","&","*","(",")","_","+","=","-","/",">","<",",",".","?","\\"]
numbers = ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"]
options = [
rd(lc_letter),
rd(lc_letter),
rd(uc_letter),
rd(uc_letter),
rd(symbols),
rd(symbols),
rd(symbols),
rd(numbers),
rd(numbers),
rd(numbers),
]
shuffle(options)
print(''.join(options))
您可以使用string
中的常量:
import random
import string
s = ""
for i in range(2):
s = s + random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)
for i in range(2):
s = s + random.choice(string.ascii_uppercase)
for i in range(3):
s = s + random.choice(string.punctuation)
for i in range(3):
s = s + random.choice(string.digits)
s = ''.join(random.sample(s, 10))
print(s)
您实际上可以做的是选择制作一个长度为 10 的列表,如下所示:
dist = [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3]
此列表表示您的options
列表中每个索引的分布。 现在您可以在列表中选择一个索引:
idx = random.randint(0, len(dist))
您可以从options[dist[idx]]
中选择您的选择,然后从dist
pop
idx
的值。
您可以使用string
模块中的random.choice
、 random.sample
和常量来获取随机生成的密码。
import random
import string
lc_letter = string.ascii_lowercase
uc_letter = string.ascii_uppercase
# Could use string.punctuation here, but it would be different
# as your list doesn't contain semicolons or colons,
# while string.punctuation does.
symbols = ["!","@","#","$","%","^","&","*","(",")","_","+","=","-","/",">","<",",",".","?","\\"]
numbers = string.digits
lc_selection = [random.choice(lc_letter) for _ in range(2)]
uc_selection = [random.choice(uc_letter) for _ in range(2)]
symbol_selection = [random.choice(symbols) for _ in range(3)]
number_selection = [random.choice(numbers) for _ in range(3)]
print(''.join(random.sample(lc_selection + uc_selection + symbol_selection + number_selection, 10)))
我认为 Yevgeniy Kosmak 解决方案的更好版本(独立配置更清晰,循环避免了代码重复,使用choices
而不是choice
避免了循环)。
import random
import string
config = [
(2, string.ascii_lowercase),
(2, string.ascii_uppercase),
(3, string.punctuation), # or use your '!@#$%^&*()_+=-/><,.?\\'
(3, string.digits),
]
picked = []
for k, options in config:
picked += random.choices(options, k=k)
random.shuffle(picked)
password = ''.join(picked)
print(password)
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