Python 具有多个 x 标签的分组条形图

Question

我想要 plot 一个相对简单的条形图，但是使用 Matplotlib 很难得到 plot。请问我能得到一些帮助吗？ 我想准备一个图表，如Bar Chart所示。 下面显示了测试 1、2 和 3 的示例数据。

我有超过 20 个测试结果我想在大单 plot 上 plot 所以如果可能的话我更愿意循环浏览彩色地图。

到目前为止，我的工作代码是这样的。 如您所见，我的尝试远未达到我的需要。

"""
        A     B     C
Test 1  1     1.5   2.5
Test 2  1.5   2     3.5
Test 3  1     0.5   1.5
"""

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

width = 0.2
x = np.arange(3)  

#Test 1
val1 = [1, 1.5, 1]
lab1_x = ['A' for i in range(len(val1))]
plt.bar(x, val1, width)
plt.xticks(x, lab1_x)

#Test 2
val2 = [1.5,2,3.5]
lab2_x = ['B' for i in range(len(val2))]
plt.bar(x+width, val2, width)
plt.xticks(x, lab2_x)

#Test 3
val3 = [1,0.5,1.5]
lab3_x = ['C' for i in range(len(val3))]
plt.bar(x+ 2*width, val3, width)
plt.xticks(x, lab3_x)


plt.legend(["Test 1", "Test 2", "Test 3"], loc = 'best')

Answer 1

我设法得到了我需要的东西。 如果其他人有兴趣，请在这里分享。

from random import seed
from random import random

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as mpatches
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl

# name of colour map 
cmap = mpl.cm.tab20c

totaltests = 10

# seed random number generator
seed(2)
A = []
# generate random numbers between 0-1
for _ in range(totaltests):
    A.append(2*random())
    
    
    
 # seed random number generator
seed(4)
B = []
# generate random numbers between 0-1
for _ in range(totaltests):
    B.append(2*random())
    
    
# sum of two columns    
sumbd = [x + y for x, y in zip(A, B)]



index = np.arange(len(sumbd))
bar_width = 0.3
shift = 0.5 # used to minimise gaps between each Test sets

ticklist = []
for i in ('A','B','C'):
    for _ in range(totaltests):
        ticklist.append(i)
    #print(A)
ticklist = tuple(ticklist)


plt.xticks(np.append(np.append(index-shift  , index-shift  + bar_width/1), index-shift  + 2*bar_width/1), # tick positions
           ticklist, # label corresponding to each tick
           rotation=0)

color_list = cmap([x for x in range(0,totaltests,1)])

Aplot = plt.bar(index-shift , A, bar_width-0.01, edgecolor ='black', color = color_list)
Bplot = plt.bar(index-shift  + bar_width/1, B, bar_width-0.01, edgecolor ='black', color = color_list)
sumbedplot = plt.bar(index-shift  +2* bar_width/1, sumbd, bar_width-0.01, edgecolor ='black', color = color_list)

handlesList = ['T'+str(x) for x in range(1,totaltests+1,1)]



# generate all handles for legend 
for i in range(0,totaltests,1):
    handlesList[i] = mpatches.Patch(color= color_list[i], label = "Test"+str(i+1))

# Rest of plotting 
plt.xlabel('X-axis')
plt.ylabel('Y-axis')
plt.title('Fig xxx')
plt.axis("tight")
plt.legend(handles=handlesList, bbox_to_anchor=(1.01, 1.0), loc='upper left')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()