无法在 Docker 容器中安装 R 包

Question

I have a task to deploy two docker containers sql server and R Studio Server with packages: rvest, odbc, rodbc, dbi. 在我的任务中，我需要同时编写 docker 和 Docker 文件，但我无法导入我安装的库。

docker-compose.yml

    version: '3.9'
    services:
    
      rstudio:
        build: ./docker/rstudio
        container_name: etl
        environment:
          - PASSWORD=yourpassword
        ports:
          - 8787:8787

Dockerfile

    FROM rocker/rstudio
    
    RUN apt-get clean all && \
      apt-get update && \
      apt-get upgrade -y && \
      apt-get install -y \
        python3-pip \
      && apt-get clean all && \
      apt-get purge && \
      rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*
    
    RUN /usr/local/lib/R/bin/R -e 'install.packages("ODBC", repos="https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest")' && \
       /usr/local/lib/R/bin/R -e 'install.packages("RODBC", repos="https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest")' && \
       /usr/local/lib/R/bin/R -e 'install.packages("DBI", repos="https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest")' && \
       /usr/local/lib/R/bin/R -e 'install.packages("rvest", repos="https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest")'

当我在 localhost:8787 (user:rstudio, password:yourpassword) 登录容器时，我无法导入任何库：

    > library(rvest)
    Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘rvest’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...):
     unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/xml2/libs/xml2.so':
      libxml2.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
    > library(RODBC)
    Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘RODBC’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...):
     unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/RODBC/libs/RODBC.so':
      libodbc.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
    > library(ODBC)
    Error in library(ODBC) : there is no package called ‘ODBC’
    > .libPaths()
    [1] "/usr/local/lib/R/site-library" "/usr/local/lib/R/library"     
    > R.home()
    [1] "/usr/local/lib/R"

我的问题：

1. 我怎样才能安装这些库
2. 如何在同一个容器中安装和运行 jupyter lab

Docker 组成执行日志：

(base) 192-168-1-105:sandpit username$ docker-compose up
Creating etl ... done
Attaching to etl
etl        | [s6-init] making user provided files available at /var/run/s6/etc...exited 0.
etl        | [s6-init] ensuring user provided files have correct perms...exited 0.
etl        | [fix-attrs.d] applying ownership & permissions fixes...
etl        | [fix-attrs.d] done.
etl        | [cont-init.d] executing container initialization scripts...
etl        | [cont-init.d] 01_set_env: executing... 
etl        | skipping /var/run/s6/container_environment/HOME
etl        | skipping /var/run/s6/container_environment/PASSWORD
etl        | skipping /var/run/s6/container_environment/RSTUDIO_VERSION
etl        | [cont-init.d] 01_set_env: exited 0.
etl        | [cont-init.d] 02_userconf: executing... 
etl        | [cont-init.d] 02_userconf: exited 0.
etl        | [cont-init.d] done.
etl        | [services.d] starting services
etl        | [services.d] done.

Answer 1

第一条错误消息是关键：

unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/xml2/libs/xml2.so

这些 RSPM 包不安装系统依赖项（因为它们不能，它们是简单的 tar.gz 档案；该站点提供了一些帮助）。 您可以从 Ubuntu ( r-cran-{odbc,rodbc,dbi,rvest} ) 安装预制的二进制文件，或者通过例如处理系统依赖项

apt install libxml2 libodbc1

照顾 XML 和 ODBC 库。