从文本文件读取查询参数

Question

我想将mysql-connect的参数存储在文本文件中，但不知道，将它们存储在“ query.txt”中的最优雅的方法是什么？readline（）命令似乎是一个选项，但某种程度上使事情变得非常重要不雅 有人可以提出一个平稳的解决方案吗？ 谢谢！

open("query.txt")
??? read parameters host, user, pass, db from query.txt ???
???sql = MySQLdb.connect (host = "%s", user = "%s", passwd = "%s", db = "s%"), host, user, pass, db)‬

这条线也让我头疼。 我还没有想出如何正确进行此查询。

Answer 1

还有另一种方式：假设您有一个文本文件params.txt ，其中包含具有您的参数的Python样式的字典文字。 它可能看起来像这样：

# my cool SQL parameters
{ "user":   "lilu",
  "passwd": "multipass",
  "host":   "woo.foo.baz",
  "db":     "human-resources" }

您可以使用安全且标准的Python文字解析器ast.literal_eval将此文件的内容转换为字典对象，然后将其传递给SQL连接函数。

import ast

defaults = dict(host='default-host-name', user='default-user-name')

# "U" mode is used so that no matter what newline styles you have in the file,
# they all become \n in memory.
with open('params.txt', 'rU') as params_fo:
    params = dict(defaults)
    params.update(ast.literal_eval(params_fo.read()))
    sql = MySQLdb.connect(**params)

Answer 2

使用序列化会更好，更方便：

import cPickle

with open('pickler file.pic','w') as f:
    host, user, passw, db = 'bouloudou','bididi',198754,'the_db'
    cPickle.dump([host, user, passw, db],f)



with open('pickler file.pic','r') as f:
    host, user, passw, db = cPickle.load(f)

Answer 3

假设“ query.txt”包含：

hostname username password db  

你可以做 ：

host, user, pass, db = open('query.txt').read().split()
sql = MySQLdb.connect (host = "%s", user = "%s", passwd = "%s", db = "s%"), host, user, pass, db)‬

Answer 4

如果您希望文本文件格式正确且易于阅读，则可以使用JSON：

# Query parameters class
class QueryParams:
    def __init__(self, paramsDict):
        self.__dict__.update(paramsDict)

# Read text file
q = json.load(open('query.txt'), object_hook = lambda dc: QueryParams(dc))

# Use params
sql = MySQLdb.connect (host = "%s", user = "%s", passwd = "%s", db = "s%"), q.host, q.user, q.pass, q.db)‬

Answer 5

parameters.txt包含

MyHost, MyUsername, MyPassword, MyDb

在脚本中：

host, user, passw, db = open('parameters.txt').read().split()
sql = MySQLdb.connect (host , user, passw, db)