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[英]How would one get OS, Computer Processor Information, total RAM, RAM in use, etc etc in .NET Core?
[英]How do you get total amount of RAM the computer has?
使用 C#,我想获取计算机的 RAM 总量。 使用 PerformanceCounter,我可以通过设置获得可用内存的数量:
counter.CategoryName = "Memory";
counter.Countername = "Available MBytes";
但我似乎无法找到一种方法来获得 memory 的总量。我将如何 go 这样做呢?
更新:
MagicKat:我在搜索时看到了,但它不起作用 - “您是否缺少程序集或参考?”。 我想把它添加到参考文献中,但我没有在那里看到它。
添加对Microsoft.VisualBasic
和using Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices;
的引用using Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices;
.
ComputerInfo
类具有您需要的所有信息。
添加对 Microsoft.VisualBasic.dll 的引用,正如上面提到的那样。 然后获得总物理内存就这么简单(是的,我测试过):
static ulong GetTotalMemoryInBytes()
{
return new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.ComputerInfo().TotalPhysicalMemory;
}
可以使用 p/invoke 调用 Windows API 函数GlobalMemoryStatusEx
:
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private class MEMORYSTATUSEX
{
public uint dwLength;
public uint dwMemoryLoad;
public ulong ullTotalPhys;
public ulong ullAvailPhys;
public ulong ullTotalPageFile;
public ulong ullAvailPageFile;
public ulong ullTotalVirtual;
public ulong ullAvailVirtual;
public ulong ullAvailExtendedVirtual;
public MEMORYSTATUSEX()
{
this.dwLength = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NativeMethods.MEMORYSTATUSEX));
}
}
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
static extern bool GlobalMemoryStatusEx([In, Out] MEMORYSTATUSEX lpBuffer);
然后使用像:
ulong installedMemory;
MEMORYSTATUSEX memStatus = new MEMORYSTATUSEX();
if( GlobalMemoryStatusEx( memStatus))
{
installedMemory = memStatus.ullTotalPhys;
}
或者您可以使用 WMI(托管但速度较慢)来查询Win32_ComputerSystem
类中的TotalPhysicalMemory
。
此处的所有答案,包括已接受的答案,都会为您提供可用的 RAM 总量。 这可能是 OP 想要的。
但是,如果您对获取已安装RAM 的数量感兴趣,那么您需要调用GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory函数。
从链接,在备注部分:
GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory函数从计算机的 SMBIOS 固件表中检索物理安装的 RAM 量。 这可能与GlobalMemoryStatusEx函数报告的数量不同,后者将 MEMORYSTATUSEX 结构的 ullTotalPhys 成员设置为可供操作系统使用的物理内存量。 操作系统可用的内存量可能小于计算机中物理安装的内存量,因为 BIOS 和某些驱动程序可能会将内存保留为内存映射设备的 I/O 区域,从而使操作系统无法使用这些内存和应用。
示例代码:
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
static extern bool GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(out long TotalMemoryInKilobytes);
static void Main()
{
long memKb;
GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory(out memKb);
Console.WriteLine((memKb / 1024 / 1024) + " GB of RAM installed.");
}
如果您碰巧使用 Mono,那么您可能有兴趣知道 Mono 2.8(将于今年晚些时候发布)将有一个性能计数器,用于报告 Mono 运行的所有平台(包括 Windows)上的物理内存大小。 您将使用以下代码段检索计数器的值:
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
class app
{
static void Main ()
{
var pc = new PerformanceCounter ("Mono Memory", "Total Physical Memory");
Console.WriteLine ("Physical RAM (bytes): {0}", pc.RawValue);
}
}
如果您对提供性能计数器的 C 代码感兴趣,可以在此处找到。
另一种方法是使用 .NET System.Management 查询工具:
string Query = "SELECT Capacity FROM Win32_PhysicalMemory";
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(Query);
UInt64 Capacity = 0;
foreach (ManagementObject WniPART in searcher.Get())
{
Capacity += Convert.ToUInt64(WniPART.Properties["Capacity"].Value);
}
return Capacity;
对于使用.net Core 3.0
,无需使用PInvoke
平台来获取可用的物理内存。 GC
类添加了一个新方法GC.GetGCMemoryInfo
,该方法返回一个GCMemoryInfo Struct
以TotalAvailableMemoryBytes
作为属性。 此属性返回垃圾收集器的总可用内存。(与 MEMORYSTATUSEX 相同的值)
var gcMemoryInfo = GC.GetGCMemoryInfo();
installedMemory = gcMemoryInfo.TotalAvailableMemoryBytes;
// it will give the size of memory in MB
var physicalMemory = (double) installedMemory / 1048576.0;
您可以简单地使用此代码来获取这些信息,只需添加引用
using Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices;
并且只需使用以下代码
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
getAvailableRAM();
}
public void getAvailableRAM()
{
ComputerInfo CI = new ComputerInfo();
ulong mem = ulong.Parse(CI.TotalPhysicalMemory.ToString());
richTextBox1.Text = (mem / (1024*1024) + " MB").ToString();
}
你可以使用 WMI。 发现一个片段。
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _
& "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" _
& strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colComputer = objWMIService.ExecQuery _
("Select * from Win32_ComputerSystem")
For Each objComputer in colComputer
strMemory = objComputer.TotalPhysicalMemory
Next
// use `/ 1048576` to get ram in MB
// and `/ (1048576 * 1024)` or `/ 1048576 / 1024` to get ram in GB
private static String getRAMsize()
{
ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem");
ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (ManagementObject item in moc)
{
return Convert.ToString(Math.Round(Convert.ToDouble(item.Properties["TotalPhysicalMemory"].Value) / 1048576, 0)) + " MB";
}
return "RAMsize";
}
此函数 ( ManagementQuery
) 适用于 Windows XP 及更高版本:
private static string ManagementQuery(string query, string parameter, string scope = null) {
string result = string.Empty;
var searcher = string.IsNullOrEmpty(scope) ? new ManagementObjectSearcher(query) : new ManagementObjectSearcher(scope, query);
foreach (var os in searcher.Get()) {
try {
result = os[parameter].ToString();
}
catch {
//ignore
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(result)) {
break;
}
}
return result;
}
用法:
Console.WriteLine(BytesToMb(Convert.ToInt64(ManagementQuery("SELECT TotalPhysicalMemory FROM Win32_ComputerSystem", "TotalPhysicalMemory", "root\\CIMV2"))));
兼容 .Net 和 Mono(在 Win10/FreeBSD/CentOS 上测试)
将ComputerInfo
源代码和PerformanceCounter
用于 Mono 并作为 .Net 的备份:
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security;
public class SystemMemoryInfo
{
private readonly PerformanceCounter _monoAvailableMemoryCounter;
private readonly PerformanceCounter _monoTotalMemoryCounter;
private readonly PerformanceCounter _netAvailableMemoryCounter;
private ulong _availablePhysicalMemory;
private ulong _totalPhysicalMemory;
public SystemMemoryInfo()
{
try
{
if (PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists("Mono Memory"))
{
_monoAvailableMemoryCounter = new PerformanceCounter("Mono Memory", "Available Physical Memory");
_monoTotalMemoryCounter = new PerformanceCounter("Mono Memory", "Total Physical Memory");
}
else if (PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists("Memory"))
{
_netAvailableMemoryCounter = new PerformanceCounter("Memory", "Available Bytes");
}
}
catch
{
// ignored
}
}
public ulong AvailablePhysicalMemory
{
[SecurityCritical]
get
{
Refresh();
return _availablePhysicalMemory;
}
}
public ulong TotalPhysicalMemory
{
[SecurityCritical]
get
{
Refresh();
return _totalPhysicalMemory;
}
}
[SecurityCritical]
[DllImport("Kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
private static extern void GlobalMemoryStatus(ref MEMORYSTATUS lpBuffer);
[SecurityCritical]
[DllImport("Kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern bool GlobalMemoryStatusEx(ref MEMORYSTATUSEX lpBuffer);
[SecurityCritical]
private void Refresh()
{
try
{
if (_monoTotalMemoryCounter != null && _monoAvailableMemoryCounter != null)
{
_totalPhysicalMemory = (ulong) _monoTotalMemoryCounter.NextValue();
_availablePhysicalMemory = (ulong) _monoAvailableMemoryCounter.NextValue();
}
else if (Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major < 5)
{
var memoryStatus = MEMORYSTATUS.Init();
GlobalMemoryStatus(ref memoryStatus);
if (memoryStatus.dwTotalPhys > 0)
{
_availablePhysicalMemory = memoryStatus.dwAvailPhys;
_totalPhysicalMemory = memoryStatus.dwTotalPhys;
}
else if (_netAvailableMemoryCounter != null)
{
_availablePhysicalMemory = (ulong) _netAvailableMemoryCounter.NextValue();
}
}
else
{
var memoryStatusEx = MEMORYSTATUSEX.Init();
if (GlobalMemoryStatusEx(ref memoryStatusEx))
{
_availablePhysicalMemory = memoryStatusEx.ullAvailPhys;
_totalPhysicalMemory = memoryStatusEx.ullTotalPhys;
}
else if (_netAvailableMemoryCounter != null)
{
_availablePhysicalMemory = (ulong) _netAvailableMemoryCounter.NextValue();
}
}
}
catch
{
// ignored
}
}
private struct MEMORYSTATUS
{
private uint dwLength;
internal uint dwMemoryLoad;
internal uint dwTotalPhys;
internal uint dwAvailPhys;
internal uint dwTotalPageFile;
internal uint dwAvailPageFile;
internal uint dwTotalVirtual;
internal uint dwAvailVirtual;
public static MEMORYSTATUS Init()
{
return new MEMORYSTATUS
{
dwLength = checked((uint) Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MEMORYSTATUS)))
};
}
}
private struct MEMORYSTATUSEX
{
private uint dwLength;
internal uint dwMemoryLoad;
internal ulong ullTotalPhys;
internal ulong ullAvailPhys;
internal ulong ullTotalPageFile;
internal ulong ullAvailPageFile;
internal ulong ullTotalVirtual;
internal ulong ullAvailVirtual;
internal ulong ullAvailExtendedVirtual;
public static MEMORYSTATUSEX Init()
{
return new MEMORYSTATUSEX
{
dwLength = checked((uint) Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MEMORYSTATUSEX)))
};
}
}
}
.NIT 对它可以访问的总内存量有限制。 有一个百分比,然后 xp 中的 2 GB 是硬上限。
你可以有 4 GB,当它达到 2 GB 时它会杀死应用程序。
同样在 64 位模式下,您可以在系统外使用一定比例的内存,所以我不确定您是否可以要求整个事情,或者是否特别防范。
还没有人提到GetPerformanceInfo 。 PInvoke 签名可用。
此功能使以下系统范围的信息可用:
PhysicalTotal
是 OP 正在寻找的,虽然值是页数,所以要转换为字节,乘以返回的PageSize
值。
这是另一种更简单的方法,使用 .net:
// total memory
long totalPhysicalMemory = My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory;
// unused memory
long availablePhysicalMemory = My.Computer.Info.AvailablePhysicalMemory;
// used memory
long usedMemory = totalPhysicalMemory - availablePhysicalMemory;
在Linux (.Net Core)上工作的解决方案。 受GitHub/Hardware.Info启发。 优化为具有最小的 memory 分配和平均检索需要 0.020 毫秒。
private static readonly object _linuxMemoryLock = new();
private static readonly char[] _arrayForMemInfoRead = new char[200];
public static void GetBytesCountOnLinux(out ulong availableBytes, out ulong totalBytes)
{
lock (_linuxMemoryLock) // lock because of reusing static fields due to optimization
{
totalBytes = GetBytesCountFromLinuxMemInfo(token: "MemTotal:", refreshFromFile: true);
availableBytes = GetBytesCountFromLinuxMemInfo(token: "MemAvailable:", refreshFromFile: false);
}
}
private static ulong GetBytesCountFromLinuxMemInfo(string token, bool refreshFromFile)
{
// NOTE: Using the linux file /proc/meminfo which is refreshed frequently and starts with:
//MemTotal: 7837208 kB
//MemFree: 190612 kB
//MemAvailable: 5657580 kB
var readSpan = _arrayForMemInfoRead.AsSpan();
if (refreshFromFile)
{
using var fileStream = new FileStream("/proc/meminfo", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);
using var reader = new StreamReader(fileStream, Encoding.UTF8, leaveOpen: true);
reader.ReadBlock(readSpan);
}
var tokenIndex = readSpan.IndexOf(token);
var fromTokenSpan = readSpan.Slice(tokenIndex + token.Length);
var kbIndex = fromTokenSpan.IndexOf("kB");
var notTrimmedSpan = fromTokenSpan.Slice(0, kbIndex);
var trimmedSpan = notTrimmedSpan.Trim(' ');
var kBytesCount = ulong.Parse(trimmedSpan);
var bytesCount = kBytesCount * 1024;
return bytesCount;
}
Linux 和 Windows 在一起- 便于复制粘贴。 Windows 代码取自已接受的答案。
public static void GetRamBytes(out ulong availableBytes, out ulong totalBytes)
{
if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Linux))
{
GetBytesCountOnLinux(out availableBytes, out totalBytes);
}
else if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows))
{
GetBytesCountOnWindows(out availableBytes, out totalBytes);
}
else
{
throw new NotImplementedException("Not implemented for OS: " + Environment.OSVersion);
}
}
private static readonly object _winMemoryLock = new();
private static readonly MEMORYSTATUSEX _memStatus = new();
private static void GetBytesCountOnWindows(out ulong availableBytes, out ulong totalBytes)
{
lock (_winMemoryLock) // lock because of reusing the static class _memStatus
{
GlobalMemoryStatusEx(_memStatus);
availableBytes = _memStatus.ullAvailPhys;
totalBytes = _memStatus.ullTotalPhys;
}
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private class MEMORYSTATUSEX
{
public uint dwLength;
public uint dwMemoryLoad;
public ulong ullTotalPhys;
public ulong ullAvailPhys;
public ulong ullTotalPageFile;
public ulong ullAvailPageFile;
public ulong ullTotalVirtual;
public ulong ullAvailVirtual;
public ulong ullAvailExtendedVirtual;
public MEMORYSTATUSEX()
{
this.dwLength = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MEMORYSTATUSEX));
}
}
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
private static extern bool GlobalMemoryStatusEx([In] [Out] MEMORYSTATUSEX lpBuffer);
/*The simplest way to get/display total physical memory in VB.net (Tested)
public sub get_total_physical_mem()
dim total_physical_memory as integer
total_physical_memory=CInt((My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory) / (1024 * 1024))
MsgBox("Total Physical Memory" + CInt((My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory) / (1024 * 1024)).ToString + "Mb" )
end sub
*/
//The simplest way to get/display total physical memory in C# (converted Form http://www.developerfusion.com/tools/convert/vb-to-csharp)
public void get_total_physical_mem()
{
int total_physical_memory = 0;
total_physical_memory = Convert.ToInt32((My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory) / (1024 * 1024));
Interaction.MsgBox("Total Physical Memory" + Convert.ToInt32((My.Computer.Info.TotalPhysicalMemory) / (1024 * 1024)).ToString() + "Mb");
}
var ram = new ManagementObjectSearcher("select * from Win32_PhysicalMemory") .Get().Cast<ManagementObject>().First();
|
var a = Convert.ToInt64(ram["Capacity"]) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024;
(richiede System.Managment.dll 来 riferimento, testato su C# con Framework 4.7.2)
questa procedura salva in "a" la ram totale presente in GB
ulong memory() { return new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.ComputerInfo().TotalPhysicalMemory; }
|
var b = Convert.ToDecimal(memory()) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024;
(richiede Microsoft.VisualBasics.dll 来 riferimento, testato su C# Framework 4.7.2)
questa procedura salva in "b" il valore della ram in GB effettivamente disponibile
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