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通用存储库/工作单元问题

[英]Generic Repository / Unit of Work Issue

我一直在学习各种来源的知识库工作单元模式,包括:

http://www.asp.net/mvc/tutorials/getting-started-with-ef-using-mvc/implementing-the-repository-and-unit-of-work-patterns-in-an-asp-net- MVC应用程序

如果您浏览上面的thr链接到创建工作单元类 ,则有以下内容:

    private GenericRepository<Department> departmentRepository;
    private GenericRepository<Course> courseRepository;

这很好,但我想继续扩展Generic的工作单元类并设置GenericRepositories的集合,这样我就可以根据我通过的模型进行动态更新。

我最终想在我的控制器中执行以下操作:

public class LedgerUserController : Controller
{
    private GenericUnitOfWork unitOfWork = new GenericUnitOfWork();
    LedgerUser ledgeruser = new LedgerUser();


    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        //var ledgerusers = db.LedgerUsers.Include(l => l.Image).Include(l => l.UserType);
        var view = unitOfWork.Repository(ledgeruser).Get(l => l.LastName == "smith");
        return View(view.ToList());
    }
}

所以这是我的类和接口到目前为止:

IRepository.cs

/// <summary>
/// Generic Repository for CRUD Operations and methods
/// to locate entities within your store. This is not specific to which Data Access
/// tools your are using (Direct SQL, EF, NHibernate, etc).
/// </summary>
public interface IRepository<T> where T : class
{
    //--Search Operations
    IQueryable<T> GetAll();
    IEnumerable<T> GetAllList();
    IEnumerable<T> Get(Expression<Func<T,bool>> filter);
    T GetIt(Expression<Func<T, bool>> filter);
    T GetById(object id);


    //--CRUD Operations
    void Create(T entity);
    void Update(T entity);
    void Delete(T entity);

}

GenericRepository.cs

/// ///用于查找实体的存储库类/// CRUD操作/// ///公共类GenericRepository:IRepository其中TEntity:class {

    internal AccountsContext context;
    internal DbSet<TEntity> dbSet;
    internal IQueryable<TEntity> query;

    /// <summary>
    /// Default Constructor.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context"></param>
    public GenericRepository(AccountsContext context)
    {
        this.context = context;
        this.dbSet = context.Set<TEntity>();
    }

    #region Methods
    #region Search Functionality
    /// <summary>
    /// Obtain the whole Entity to query if needed.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>IQueryable object.</returns>
    public virtual IQueryable<TEntity> GetAll()
    {
        IQueryable<TEntity> query = dbSet;
        return query;

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Obtain the whole Entity to Enumerate throught if needed.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>IEnumerble object.</returns>
    public virtual IEnumerable<TEntity> GetAllList()
    {
        IQueryable<TEntity> query = dbSet;
        return query.ToList();

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Locate an Entity by its indexed id.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public virtual TEntity GetById(object id)
    {
        return dbSet.Find(id);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets a collection based on LINQ lambda expressions
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="filter">Lambda Expression</param>
    /// <returns>Query</returns>
    public virtual IEnumerable<TEntity> Get(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> filter)
    {
        query = dbSet;

        if (filter != null)
        {
            query = query.Where(filter);
        }

        return this.query.ToList();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets one record based on a one-to-one relationship.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="filter">Lambda Expression.</param>
    /// <returns>One record.</returns>
    public virtual TEntity GetIt(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> filter)
    {
        IQueryable<TEntity> query = dbSet;
        return query.SingleOrDefault(filter);

    }


    #endregion
    #region CRUD Functionality

    /// <summary>
    /// Used to create a new entity into the database.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="entity">Entity to create.</param>
    public virtual void Create(TEntity entity)
    {
        dbSet.Add(entity);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Used to update an entity that already exists in the
    /// database.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="entity">Entity to update.</param>
    public virtual void Update(TEntity entity)
    {
        dbSet.Attach(entity);
        context.Entry(entity).State = EntityState.Modified;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Used to delete an entity from the database.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="entity">Entity to delete.</param>
    public virtual void Delete(TEntity entity)
    {
        if (context.Entry(entity).State == EntityState.Detached)
        {
            dbSet.Attach(entity);
        }
        dbSet.Remove(entity);
    }

    #endregion
    #endregion

}
#endregion

GenericUnitOfWork.cs

  /// <summary>
/// Unit of work class that handles multiple Repositories
/// and shares the context.
/// </summary>
public class GenericUnitOfWork : IUnitOfWork

{
    private AccountsContext context = new AccountsContext();

    Dictionary<string, GenericRepository<IRepository<IRepositoryEntity>>> repostories = null;

    /// <summary>
    /// Generic Repository method which checks the repository is available if not,
    /// it sets it up.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="entity">Entity</param>
    /// <returns>Repository to use.</returns>
    public  GenericRepository<IRepository<IRepositoryEntity>> Repository (IRepositoryEntity entity)
    {

            string index = entity.GetType().ToString();

            if (!repostories.ContainsKey(index))
            {

                //Reflections to create the repoositiory if it is not needed.
                Type type1 = typeof(GenericRepository<>);
                Type[] typeArgs = {typeof(IRepositoryEntity)};

                Type constructed = type1.MakeGenericType(typeArgs);
                object o = Activator.CreateInstance(constructed);

                if(o is  GenericRepository<IRepository<IRepositoryEntity>>)
                {
                    var rep = (GenericRepository<IRepository<IRepositoryEntity>>)o;
                    rep.context = this.context;
                    repostories.Add(index, rep);  
                }

            }

            return this.repostories[index];
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Save method.
    /// </summary>
    public void Save()
    {
        context.SaveChanges();

    }

    private bool disposed = false;

    /// <summary>
    /// Dispose the conxtext when finished.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="disposing"></param>
    protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        if (!this.disposed)
        {
            if (disposing)
            {
                context.Dispose();
            }
        }
        this.disposed = true;
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        Dispose(true);
        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
    }

}

}

现在我知道存储库Dictionary的实现和方法库不正确(通用类型是错误的)因为在我的lambda表达式中它无法解析ledgeruser LastName。

var view = unitOfWork.Repository(ledgeruser).Get(l => l.LastName == "smith");

我是在设计这个问题,还是有一个很好的干净方式来创建我的通用存储库集合,这些通用存储库是基于模型对象给出的(例如上面的LedgerUser)设置和创建的。

一些想法:

  1. 您可以使用IoC容器并以这种方式自动创建存储库,而不是在UnitOfWork实现中使用反射创建所有内容。 MVC框架实际上是为这种方法而构建的。 有关使用StructureMap的简单说明和示例,请访问http://www.mikesdotnetting.com/Article/117/Dependency-Injection-and-Inversion-of-Control-with-ASP.NET-MVC

  2. 如果您不想使用完整的IoC容器,您仍然可以针对接口标准化您的工厂逻辑和代码。 这起着同样的作用,但如果你想继续使用自定义的工作单元实现,可能会更好。 在我对C#/ EF和存储库模式的回答中:在哪里将ObjectContext放在具有多个存储库的解决方案中? ,我发布了一个RepositoryProvider类,允许使用可定制的工厂创建UnitOfWork -scoped存储库。 我建议至少查看此代码,因为它是一种类似但更有效的方法来执行代码示例的目标。 要理解的一件重要事情是,该答案中的示例使用ObjectContext作为UnitOfWork,因此您的更改需要通过将IUnitOfWork的出现替换为ObjectContext的出现来解决这种差异。 如果在查看代码后有任何关于该方法的内容尚不清楚,请告诉我,我将尝试解释如何调整您的特定用例。

  3. 看起来你的工厂逻辑有一些循环。 如果存储库创建了LedgerUser ,那么它不应该要求LedgerUser来创建工厂。 在我看来,你真正想要的是一个Type参数,比如unitOfWork.Repository(typeof(LedgerUser)) 您可以通过在load上创建泛型类型参数来使其更流畅,并执行unitOfWork.Repository<LedgerUser >()`。 根据您的示例,您似乎根本不需要实例。

  4. 在您的Repository方法中,似乎您更喜欢强类型接口。 我想也许你想要的更像是:


    public IRepository Repository()
        where T : IRepositoryEntity 
    { 
           //  your factory/cache-retrieval logic here
    }

代替

public  GenericRepository<IRepository<IRepositoryEntity>> Repository (IRepositoryEntity entity)
{
      //  your factory/cache-retrieval logic here
}

然后,如果您的调用是Repository<LedgerUser> ,则您的方法将返回GenericRepository<LedgerUser> ,即使签名显示IRepository<LedgerUser> 这几乎是我建议的RepositoryProvider实现的链接。

我不明白为什么要将实例传递给对象而不是对象的类型,并按类型保存存储库:

试试这个

ConcurrentDictionary<Type, object> _repositories = ...;

public GenericRepository<IRepository<TEntity>> Repository<TEntity>(IRepositoryEntity entity) where TEntity: IRepositoryEntity
{
    return (GenericRepository<IRepository<TEntity>>)_repositories.GetOrAdd(
        typeof(TEntity), 
        t => new GenericRepository<IRepository<TEntity>>(this.Context)
    );
}

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