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查找@括起來的文本並替換內部

[英]Find text enclosed by @ and replace the inside

問題:

@包圍的文件中查找文本片段並替換其中的內容

輸入:

@abc@ abc @ABC@
cba @cba CBA@

所需的輸出:

абц abc АБЦ
cba цба ЦБА

我有以下內容:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Encode;
my $output;
open FILE,"<", 'test.txt';
while (<FILE>) {
    chomp(my @chars = split(//, $_));
    for (@chars) {
        my @char;
        $_ =~ s/a/chr(0x430)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/b/chr(0x431)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/c/chr(0x446)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/d/chr(0x434)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/e/chr(0x435)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/A/chr(0x410)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/B/chr(0x411)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/C/chr(0x426)/eg;
        push @char, $_;
        $output = join "", @char;
        print encode("utf-8",$output);}
print "\n";
}
close FILE;

但我仍然堅持如何進一步處理

預先感謝您的幫助!

Kluther

這是我的解決方案。 (您將修復它,是的。它是原型)

for (my $data = <DATA>){
    $data=~s/[@]([\s\w]+)[@]/func($1)/ge;
    print $data;
#   while($data=~m/[@]([\s\w]+)[@]/g){
#      print "marked: ",$1,"\n";
#      print "position:", pos();
#   }
#      print "not marked: ";
}
sub func{
   #do your magic here ;)
   return "<< @_ >>";
}
__DATA__
@abc@ abc @ABC@ cba @cba CBA@

這里會發生什么?

首先,我讀取數據。 你可以自己做。

for (my $data = <DATA>){...}

接下來,我需要搜索您的模式並將其替換。
我該怎么辦?

使用substition operator: s/pattern/replace/

但是以有趣的形式:

s/pattern/func($1)/ge

關鍵字g均值全局搜索

關鍵e均值評估

因此,我認為您需要編寫自己的func函數;)

使用transliteration operator: tr/listOfSymbolsToBeReplaced/listOfSymbolsThatBePlacedInstead/可能更好transliteration operator: tr/listOfSymbolsToBeReplaced/listOfSymbolsThatBePlacedInstead/

$output處理后,請嘗試此操作。

$output =~ s/\@//g;
my @split_output = split(//, $output);
$output = "";
my $len = scalar(@split_output) ;
while ($len--) {
    $output .= shift(@split_output);
}
print $output;

可以使用單個正則表達式完成,而無需拆分字符串:

use strict;
use warnings;
use Encode;

my %chars = (
    a => chr(0x430),
    b => chr(0x431),
    c => chr(0x446),
    d => chr(0x434),
    e => chr(0x435),
    A => chr(0x410),
    B => chr(0x411),
    C => chr(0x426),
);

my $regex = '(' . join ('|', keys %chars) . ')'; 


while (<DATA>) {
    1 while ($_ =~ s|\@(?!\s)[^@]*?\K$regex(?=[^@]*(?!\s)\@)|$chars{$1}|eg);
    print encode("utf-8",$_);
}

由於匹配項的重疊性質,確實需要重復運行正則表達式。

在對算法進行最少更改的情況下,您需要跟蹤自己是否在@標記內。 所以添加這樣的東西

my $bConvert = 0;
chomp(my @chars = split(//, $_));
for (@chars) {
    my $char = $_;
    if (/@/) {
        $bConvert = ($bConvert + 1) % 2;
        next;
    }
    elsif ($bConvert) {
        $char =~ s/a/chr(0x430)/eg;
        $char =~ s/b/chr(0x431)/eg;
        $char =~ s/c/chr(0x446)/eg;
        $char =~ s/d/chr(0x434)/eg;
        $char =~ s/e/chr(0x435)/eg;
        $char =~ s/A/chr(0x410)/eg;
        $char =~ s/B/chr(0x411)/eg;
        $char =~ s/C/chr(0x426)/eg;
    }
    print encode("utf-8",$char);
}

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