插入，更新，刪除之后的PL / SQL觸發器，使用序列將數據輸入到日志表中
[英]PL/SQL trigger for after insert, update, delete that enters Data into Log Table with a Sequence
問題描述
我正在做一個家庭作業問題。 我遇到了觸發器的編譯問題，並且無法理解如何創建引用序列和另一個表的觸發器，並將這些值插入到我創建的日志表中。 我已經讀過在Table列條目中使用SERIAL not null可能會消除對序列和引用表的需要，但我需要這樣才能完成我的作業。
我需要一些幫助來弄清楚如何讓我的觸發器編譯。 我的Bind變量有問題：序列中的NEW，以及從另一個表插入的idpay值。 我不確定我的聲明是否正確，BEGIN語句之后的前兩個語句是否正確，因為第1行被標記為編譯錯誤。 我認為這個例子正在發生一些事情，我在IF語句中缺少NULL值，但不確定將該部分放在我的編碼中。
當然還有針對觸發器的Oracle 11g參考文檔，我已經討論了它，但你也可以自己檢查一下。
以下是設置問題：1。使用捐贈數據庫。 該組織希望跟蹤所有質押付款活動。 每次添加，更改或刪除質押付款時，應在單獨的表中捕獲以下信息：用戶名，當前日期，采取的操作（INSERT，UPDATE或DELETE）以及付款記錄的idpay值。
創建一個名為DD_PAYTRACK的表來保存此信息。 包括要由序列填充的主鍵列，並為主鍵列創建名為DD_PTRACK_SEQ的新序列。
創建單個觸發器以記錄所請求的信息以跟蹤承諾支付活動，並測試idpay = 1470的所有操作類型的觸發器。 使用SELECT語句顯示DD_PAYTRACK表中的記錄。
select * from dd_paytrack;
IDTRACK PTUSER PTDATE PTACTION PTPAYID
4 AAX5367E220 10-DEC-12 INSERT 1470
5 AAX5367E220 10-DEC-12 UPDATE 1470
6 AAX5367E220 10-DEC-12 DELETE 1470
這是我到目前為止所做的，即使在添加了這些Insert，Update和Delete語句之后，它仍然返回一個空表，但由於下面的答案，我修復了建議的內容。
* 我修復了它，在編譯Trigger后我必須添加自己的Update，Insert和Delete語句。 現在很棒。 謝謝Noel !!! *
DROP TABLE dd_paytrack;
DROP SEQUENCE idtrack_seq;
CREATE TABLE dd_paytrack(
idtrack NUMBER,
pt_user VARCHAR2(30),
pt_date DATE,
pt_action VARCHAR2(30),
pt_payid NUMBER(6,0),
CONSTRAINT pk_dd_paytrack PRIMARY KEY (idtrack)
);
CREATE SEQUENCE idtrack_seq;
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER pledge_pay_trigger
AFTER
INSERT OR
UPDATE OR
DELETE
ON dd_payment
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
log_action dd_paytrack.pt_action%TYPE;
id_pay dd_paytrack.pt_payid%TYPE;
BEGIN
id_pay := :NEW.idpay;
IF INSERTING THEN
log_action := 'Insert';
ELSIF UPDATING THEN
log_action := 'Update';
ELSIF DELETING THEN
id_pay := :OLD.idpay;
log_action := 'Delete';
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('This code is not reachable.');
END IF;
INSERT INTO dd_paytrack (idtrack, pt_user, pt_date, pt_action, pt_payid)
VALUES(idtrack_seq.NEXTVAL, USER, TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'DD-MON-YY'), log_action,
id_pay);
END pledge_pay_trigger;
/
INSERT INTO dd_payment(idpay, idpledge, payamt, paydate, paymethod)
VALUES (1470, 105, 250, SYSDATE, 'CC');
commit;
UPDATE dd_payment
SET payamt = 25
WHERE idpay = 1470;
commit;
UPDATE dd_payment
SET payamt = 2000
WHERE idpay = 1470;
COMMIT;
DELETE
FROM dd_payment
WHERE idpay = 1470;
COMMIT;
SET serveroutput ON
select * from dd_paytrack;
這是捐贈表方案，它引用了我的家庭作業問題的dd_paytrack表。 我測試了它，這個模式在剪切和粘貼之后似乎工作正常。
-- The DoGood Donor Database
-- A donor, who represents a person or company that has committed to make a donation to
the DoGood organzation.
DROP TABLE dd_donor CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
DROP TABLE dd_project CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
DROP TABLE dd_status CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
DROP TABLE dd_pledge CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
DROP TABLE dd_payment CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
CREATE TABLE DD_Donor (
idDonor number(4),
Firstname varchar2(15),
Lastname varchar2(30),
Typecode CHAR(1),
Street varchar2(40),
City varchar2(20),
State char(2),
Zip varchar2(9),
Phone varchar2(10),
Fax varchar2(10),
Email varchar2(25),
News char(1),
dtentered date DEFAULT SYSDATE,
CONSTRAINT donor_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idDonor) );
CREATE TABLE DD_Project (
idProj number(6),
Projname varchar2(60),
Projstartdate DATE,
Projenddate DATE,
Projfundgoal number(12,2),
ProjCoord varchar2(20),
CONSTRAINT project_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idProj),
CONSTRAINT project_name_uk UNIQUE (Projname) );
CREATE TABLE DD_Status (
idStatus number(2),
Statusdesc varchar2(15),
CONSTRAINT status_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idStatus) );
CREATE TABLE DD_Pledge (
idPledge number(5),
idDonor number(4),
Pledgedate DATE,
Pledgeamt number(8,2),
idProj number(5),
idStatus number(2),
Writeoff number(8,2),
paymonths number(3),
Campaign number(4),
Firstpledge char(1),
CONSTRAINT pledge_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idPledge),
CONSTRAINT pledge_idDonor_fk FOREIGN KEY (idDonor)
REFERENCES dd_donor (idDonor),
CONSTRAINT pledge_idProj_fk FOREIGN KEY (idProj)
REFERENCES dd_project (idProj),
CONSTRAINT pledge_idStatus_fk FOREIGN KEY (idStatus)
REFERENCES dd_status (idStatus));
CREATE TABLE DD_Payment (
idPay number(6),
idPledge number(5),
Payamt number(8,2),
Paydate DATE,
Paymethod char(2),
CONSTRAINT payment_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idPay),
CONSTRAINT pay_idpledge_fk FOREIGN KEY (idPledge)
REFERENCES dd_pledge (idPledge) );
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (301, 'Mary', 'Treanor', 'I','243 main St.', 'Norfolk',
'VA','23510',NULL,NULL,'mtrea492@mdv.com','Y','01-SEP-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (302, 'Patrick', 'Lee', 'I','11 Hooper St.', 'Norfolk',
'VA','23510','7572115445',NULL,'pleeNorf@gmail.com','N','09-SEP-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (303, 'Terry', 'Venor', 'I','556 Loop Lane.', 'Chesapeake',
'VA','23320',NULL,NULL,'tervenr@drw.edu','Y','18-SEP-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (304, 'Sherry', 'Pane', 'I','Center Blvd.', 'Virginia Beach',
'VA','23455',NULL,NULL,'toppane@yahoo.com','Y','21-SEP-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (305, 'Thomas', 'Sheer', 'I','66 Train St.', 'Chesapeake',
'VA','23322','7579390022',NULL,'tls3488@sheer.com','Y','01-MAR-2013');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (306, NULL, 'Coastal Developers', 'B','3667 Shore Dr.', 'Virginia Beach',
'VA','23450','8889220004',NULL,'coastVA@cdev.com','Y','30-SEP-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (307, NULL, 'VA Community Org', 'G','689 Bush Dr.', 'Norfolk',
'VA','23513','7578337467','7578337468','vacmorg@biz.com','Y','03-OCT-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (308, 'Betty', 'Konklin', 'I','11 Shark Ln.', 'Virginia Beach',
'VA','23455','7574550087',NULL,'shark11@cox.net','N','04-OCT-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (309, 'Jim', 'Tapp', 'I','200 Pine Tree Blvd.', 'Chesapeake',
'VA','23320','',NULL,'','N','08-OCT-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_donor
VALUES (310, NULL, 'Unique Dezigns', 'B','Connect Circle Unit 12', 'Chesapeake',
'VA','23320','7574442121',NULL,'UDezigns@cox.net','Y','11-SEP-2012');
INSERT INTO dd_project
VALUES (500,'Elders Assistance League', '01-SEP-2012','31-OCT-2012',15000,'Shawn
Hasee');
INSERT INTO dd_project
VALUES (501,'Community food pantry #21 freezer equipment', '01-OCT-2012','31-DEC-
2012',65000,'Shawn Hasee');
INSERT INTO dd_project
VALUES (502,'Lang Scholarship Fund', '01-JAN-2013','01-NOV-2013',100000,'Traci
Brown');
INSERT INTO dd_project
VALUES (503,'Animal shelter Vet Connect Program', '01-DEC-2012','30-MAR-
2013',25000,'Traci Brown');
INSERT INTO dd_project
VALUES (504,'Shelter Share Project 2013', '01-FEB-2013','31-JUL-2013',35000,'Traci
Brown');
INSERT INTO dd_status
VALUES (10,'Open');
INSERT INTO dd_status
VALUES (20,'Complete');
INSERT INTO dd_status
VALUES (30,'Overdue');
INSERT INTO dd_status
VALUES (40,'Closed');
INSERT INTO dd_status
VALUES (50,'Hold');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (100,303,'18-SEP-2012',80,500,20,NULL,0,738,'Y');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (101,304,'21-SEP-2012',35,500,20,NULL,0,738,'Y');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (102,310,'01-OCT-2012',500,501,20,NULL,0,749,'Y');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (103,307,'03-OCT-2012',2000,501,20,NULL,0,749,'N');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (104,308,'04-OCT-2012',240,501,10,NULL,12,749,'Y');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (105,309,'08-OCT-2012',120,501,10,NULL,12,749,'Y');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (106,301,'12-OCT-2012',75,500,20,NULL,0,738,'N');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (107,302,'15-OCT-2012',1200,501,10,NULL,24,749,'Y');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (108,308,'20-JAN-2013',480,503,10,NULL,24,790,'N');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (109,301,'01-FEB-2013',360,503,10,NULL,12,790,'N');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (110,303,'01-MAR-2013',300,504,10,NULL,12,756,'N');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (111,306,'01-MAR-2013',1500,504,20,NULL,0,756,'Y');
INSERT INTO dd_pledge
VALUES (112,309,'16-MAR-2013',240,504,10,NULL,12,756,'N');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1425,100,80,'18-SEP-2012','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1426,101,35,'21-SEP-2012','DC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1427,102,500,'01-OCT-2012','CH');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1428,103,2000,'03-OCT-2012','CH');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1429,106,75,'12-OCT-2012','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1430,104,20,'01-NOV-2012','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1431,105,10,'01-NOV-2012','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1432,107,50,'01-NOV-2012','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1433,104,20,'01-DEC-2012','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1434,105,10,'01-DEC-2012','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1435,107,50,'01-DEC-2012','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1436,104,20,'01-JAN-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1437,105,10,'01-JAN-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1438,107,50,'01-JAN-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1439,104,20,'01-FEB-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1440,105,10,'01-FEB-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1441,107,50,'01-FEB-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1442,108,20,'01-FEB-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1443,109,30,'01-FEB-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1444,104,20,'01-MAR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1445,105,10,'01-MAR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1446,107,50,'01-MAR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1447,108,20,'01-MAR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1448,109,30,'01-MAR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1449,110,25,'01-MAR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1450,111,1500,'01-MAR-2013','CH');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1451,104,20,'01-APR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1452,105,10,'01-APR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1453,107,50,'01-APR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1454,108,20,'01-APR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1455,109,30,'01-APR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1456,110,25,'01-APR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1457,112,20,'01-APR-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1458,104,20,'01-MAY-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1459,105,10,'01-MAY-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1460,107,50,'01-MAY-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1461,108,20,'01-MAY-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1462,109,30,'01-MAY-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1463,110,25,'01-MAY-2013','CC');
INSERT INTO dd_payment
VALUES (1464,112,20,'01-MAY-2013','CC');
COMMIT;
2 個解決方案
解決方案1
2 已采納 2013-04-25 12:10:54
由於您在insert語句中使用序列值，
INSERT INTO dd_paytrack
(idtrack, pt_user, pt_date,
pt_action, pt_payid
)
VALUES (idtrack_seq.NEXTVAL, USER, TO_CHAR (SYSDATE, 'DD-MON-YY'),
log_action, id_pay
);
沒有必要選擇它如下。
SELECT idtrack_seq.NEXTVAL
INTO :NEW.idtrack
FROM DUAL;
此外，你錯過了這一行的冒號，
id_pay := :OLD.idpay;
編輯：還有一件事，在觸發器中使用DBMS_OUTPUT語句沒有意義。 既然你不會看到它，即使執行到達它。
解決方案2
2 2015-06-20 11:59:30
插入，更新，刪除之后的PL / SQL觸發器，使用序列將數據輸入到日志表中
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER pledge_pay_trigger2
AFTER
INSERT OR
UPDATE OR
DELETE
ON dd_payment
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
log_action dd_payment2.pt_action%TYPE;
id_pay dd_payment2.idpay%TYPE;
id_Pledge dd_payment2.idPledge%TYPE;
Pay_amt dd_payment2.Payamt%TYPE;
Pay_date dd_payment2.Paydate%TYPE;
Pay_method dd_payment2.Paymethod%TYPE;
BEGIN
id_pay := :NEW.idpay;
id_Pledge := :NEW.IDPLEDGE;
Pay_amt := :NEW.PAYAMT;
Pay_date := :NEW.PAYDATE;
Pay_method := :NEW.PAYMETHOD;
IF INSERTING THEN
log_action := 'Insert';
INSERT INTO dd_payment2(idpay, idpledge, payamt, paydate, paymethod,pt_action)
VALUES (id_pay, id_Pledge, Pay_amt, TO_CHAR(Pay_date, 'DD-MON-YY'), Pay_method,log_action);
ELSIF UPDATING THEN
log_action := 'Update';
UPDATE DD_PAYMENT2 SET PAYAMT=Pay_amt,PAYDATE=TO_CHAR(Pay_date, 'DD-MON-YY'),pt_action='UPDATE' WHERE idpay=id_pay;
ELSIF DELETING THEN
id_pay := :OLD.idpay;
log_action := 'Delete';
UPDATE DD_PAYMENT2 SET pt_action='DELETE' WHERE idpay=id_pay;
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('This code is not reachable.');
END IF;
END pledge_pay_trigger2;
/
COMMIT;
// if log_action ='Insert' then
INSERT INTO dd_payment2(idpay, idpledge, payamt, paydate, paymethod,pt_action)
VALUES (id_pay, id_Pledge, Pay_amt, TO_CHAR(Pay_date, 'DD-MON-YY'), Pay_method,log_action);
else if log_action ='Update' then
UPDATE DD_PAYMENT2 SET PAYAMT=Pay_amt,PAYDATE=TO_CHAR(Pay_date, 'DD-MON-YY'),pt_action='UPDATE' WHERE idpay=id_pay;
else
UPDATE DD_PAYMENT2 SET pt_action='DELETE' WHERE idpay=id_pay;
end if
ALTER TABLE DD_PAYMENT2 ADD pt_action VARCHAR2(30 BYTE);
COMMIT;
INSERT INTO dd_payment(idpay, idpledge, payamt, paydate, paymethod)
VALUES (1470, 105, 250, SYSDATE, 'CC');
commit;
UPDATE dd_payment
SET payamt = 2000
WHERE idpay = 1470;
COMMIT;
DELETE
FROM dd_payment
WHERE idpay = 1470;
COMMIT;
在表上觸發PL / SQL插入數據
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