讀取文本文件並從關鍵字列表中查找某些單詞

Question

我是 Python 新手，我正在嘗試構建一個腳本，在其中導入包含文本正文的 text_file_1。 我希望腳本讀取文本正文，並查找我在名為 (key_words) 的列表中定義的某些單詞，該列表包含開頭為大寫字母 (Nation) 和小寫字母 (nation) 的單詞。 Python 進行搜索后，它會在名為“單詞列表”的新文本文件中垂直輸出單詞列表，以及該單詞在正文中出現的次數。 如果我閱讀帶有文本正文的 text_file_2 ，它會做同樣的事情，但從原始文件添加到單詞列表。

例子：

單詞列表

文件 1：

God: 5
Nation: 4
creater: 8
USA: 3 

文件2：

God: 10
Nation: 14
creater: 2
USA: 1

這是我到目前為止所擁有的：

from sys import argv
from string import punctuation

script = argv[0] all_filenames = argv[1:]

print "Text file to import and read: " + all_filenames
print "\nReading file...\n"
text_file = open(all_filenames, 'r')
all_lines = text_file.readlines()
#print all_lines
text_file.close()

for all_filenames in argv[1:]:
   print "I get: " + all_filenames

print "\nFile read finished!"
#print "\nYour file contains the following text information:"
#print "\n" + text_file.read()

#~ for word, count in word_freq.items():
    #~ print word, count

keyWords = ['God', 'Nation', 'nation', 'USA', 'Creater', 'creater', 'Country', 'Almighty',
             'country', 'People', 'people', 'Liberty', 'liberty', 'America', 'Independence', 
             'honor', 'brave', 'Freedom', 'freedom', 'Courage', 'courage', 'Proclamation',
             'proclamation', 'United States', 'Emancipation', 'emancipation', 'Constitution',
             'constitution', 'Government', 'Citizens', 'citizens']

for word in keyWords:
    if word in word_freq:
        output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

output_file = open("List_of_words.txt", "w")

for word in keyWords:
    if word in word_freq:
        output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

output_file.close()

也許以某種方式使用此代碼？

import fileinput
for line in fileinput.input('List_of_words.txt', inplace = True):
    if line.startswith('Existing file that was read'):
        #if line starts Existing file that was read then do something here
        print "Existing file that was read"
    elif line.startswith('New file that was read'):
        #if line starts with New file that was read then do something here
        print "New file that was read"
    else:
        print line.strip()

Answer 1

這樣你的結果就會出現在屏幕上。

from sys import argv
from collections import Counter
from string import punctuation

script, filename = argv

text_file = open(filename, 'r')

word_freq = Counter([word.strip(punctuation) for line in text_file for word in line.split()])

#~ for word, count in word_freq.items():
    #~ print word, count

key_words = ['God', 'Nation', 'nation', 'USA', 'Creater', 'creater'
             'Country', 'country', 'People', 'people', 'Liberty', 'liberty',
             'honor', 'brave', 'Freedom', 'freedom', 'Courage', 'courage']

for word in key_words:
    if word in word_freq:
        print word, word_freq[word]

現在您必須將其保存在文件中。

更多文件使用

for filename in argv[1:]:
   # do your job

---

編輯：

使用此代碼（my_script.py）

for filename in argv[1:]:
   print( "I get", filename )

你可以運行腳本

python my_script.py file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt 

並得到

I get file1.txt 
I get file2.txt 
I get file3.txt 

您可以使用它來計算許多文件中的字數。

——

使用readlines()將所有行讀入內存，因此您需要更多內存 - 對於非常非常大的文件，這可能是問題。

在當前版本中Counter()計算所有行中的所有單詞 - 測試它 - 但使用更少的內存。
因此，使用readlines()可以獲得相同的word_freq但會使用更多內存。

——

writelines(list_of_result)不會在每一行后添加“\\n” - 並且不要在“God：3”中添加“：”

最好使用類似的東西

output_file = open("List_of_words.txt", "w")

for word in key_words:
    if word in word_freq:
        output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

output_file.close()

---

編輯：新版本 - 將結果附加到 List_of_words.txt 的末尾

from sys import argv
from string import punctuation
from collections import *

keyWords = ['God', 'Nation', 'nation', 'USA', 'Creater', 'creater', 'Country', 'Almighty',
             'country', 'People', 'people', 'Liberty', 'liberty', 'America', 'Independence', 
             'honor', 'brave', 'Freedom', 'freedom', 'Courage', 'courage', 'Proclamation',
             'proclamation', 'United States', 'Emancipation', 'emancipation', 'Constitution',
             'constitution', 'Government', 'Citizens', 'citizens']


for one_filename in argv[1:]:

    print "Text file to import and read:", one_filename
    print "\nReading file...\n"

    text_file = open(one_filename, 'r')
    all_lines = text_file.readlines()
    text_file.close()

    print "\nFile read finished!"

    word_freq = Counter([word.strip(punctuation) for line in all_lines for word in line.split()])

    print "Append result to the end of file: List_of_words.txt"

    output_file = open("List_of_words.txt", "a")

    for word in keyWords:
        if word in word_freq:
            output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

    output_file.close()

---

編輯：將結果總和寫入一個文件

from sys import argv
from string import punctuation
from collections import *

keyWords = ['God', 'Nation', 'nation', 'USA', 'Creater', 'creater', 'Country', 'Almighty',
             'country', 'People', 'people', 'Liberty', 'liberty', 'America', 'Independence', 
             'honor', 'brave', 'Freedom', 'freedom', 'Courage', 'courage', 'Proclamation',
             'proclamation', 'United States', 'Emancipation', 'emancipation', 'Constitution',
             'constitution', 'Government', 'Citizens', 'citizens']

word_freq = Counter()

for one_filename in argv[1:]:

    print "Text file to import and read:", one_filename
    print "\nReading file...\n"

    text_file = open(one_filename, 'r')
    all_lines = text_file.readlines()
    text_file.close()

    print "\nFile read finished!"

    word_freq.update( [word.strip(punctuation) for line in all_lines for word in line.split()] )

print "Write sum of results: List_of_words.txt"

output_file = open("List_of_words.txt", "w")

for word in keyWords:
    if word in word_freq:
        output_file.write( "%s: %d\n" % (word, word_freq[word]) )

output_file.close()