R中不同組的時間序列多圖

Question

我有一個包含多個變量（大約50個）的大型數據框，其中第一列為date ，第二列為id 。

我的數據大致如下：

df <- data.frame(date = c("01-04-2001 00:00","01-04-2001 00:00","01-04-2001 00:00",
                      "01-05-2001 00:00","01-05-2001 00:00","01-05-2001 00:00",
                      "01-06-2001 00:00","01-06-2001 00:00","01-06-2001 00:00",
                      "01-07-2001 00:00","01-07-2001 00:00","01-07-2001 00:00"), 
             id = c(1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3), a = c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12), 
             b = c(2,2.5,3,3.2,4,4.6,5,5.6,8,8.9,10,10.6))

我想在所有三個id中分別在相同的變量圖中繪制時間序列圖， a和b在不同的圖中。

我試過ggplot但它沒有用。 請幫我

Answer 1

你的意思是這樣的嗎？

library(reshape)
library(lattice)

df2 <- melt(df, id.vars = c("date", "id"), measure.vars = c("a", "b"))

xyplot(value ~ date | variable, group = id, df2, t='l')

附錄

# The following is from a comment by jbaums. 
# It will create a single plot/file for each variable of df2
png('plots%02d.png')
xyplot(value ~ date | variable, group = id, df2, t='l', layout=c(1, 1), 
       scales=list(alternating=FALSE, tck=1:0))
dev.off()

您還可以將scales relation='free'添加到scales以便為每個圖單獨計算y軸限制。

Answer 2

以下是如何在ggplot中執行此操作，使用tidyr包以正確的格式獲取它：

library(ggplot2)
library(tidyr)
library(dplyr)

df <- data.frame(date = c("01-04-2001 00:00","01-04-2001 00:00","01-04-2001 00:00",
                      "01-05-2001 00:00","01-05-2001 00:00","01-05-2001 00:00",
                      "01-06-2001 00:00","01-06-2001 00:00","01-06-2001 00:00",
                      "01-07-2001 00:00","01-07-2001 00:00","01-07-2001 00:00"), 
             id = c(1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3), a = c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12), 
             b = c(2,2.5,3,3.2,4,4.6,5,5.6,8,8.9,10,10.6))

然后使用dplyr的group_by和do函數，我們可以保存多個圖。

df %>%
  gather(variable, value, -date, -id) %>%
  mutate(id = factor(id)) %>%
  group_by(variable) %>%
  do(
    qplot(data = ., x = date, y = value, geom = "line", group = id, color = id, main = paste("variable =", .$variable)) +
          ggsave(filename = paste0(.$variable, ".png")
             )
    ) 

Answer 3

編輯：閱讀評論后，也許你應該嘗試這樣的事情：

library(tidyr)
df2 <- gather(df, variable, value, -date, -id)
vars <- unique(df2$variable)

library(ggplot2)
for (i in 1:length(vars)) {
  ggplot() + 
    geom_line(data = subset(df2, variable == vars[[i]]), 
              aes(date, value, group = id, color = factor(id))) +
    ylab(as.character(vars[[i]])) +
    ggsave(file = paste0(vars[[i]], ".png"))
}

這應該為您的數據框中的每個變量保存一個PNG（並根據您的請求將每個圖的y標簽更改為變量名 ）