循環中的多線圖

Question

我有不同國家/地區，不同年份的數據，以及每個國家/地區年份的多個變量的不同值。 我正在嘗試繪制每個國家的多個線圖（線是這些變量/年）。

由於某些未知的原因，當運行以下命令時，我得到的圖是空的：

par(mfrow=c(5,5))
mysplits<-split(A,A$country)
for (ii in 1:length(mysplits)) {
  adf<-mysplits[[ii]]
  snames<- names(mysplits)[ii]
  p<-plot(1, 
       main=paste(snames),
       type = "n", xlim=c(1993,2015),
       ylab = "value", xlab="years", ylim=c(-50,50))
  lines(adf$year, adf$tone, col = "steelblue", lty=5)
  lines(adf$year, adf$articles, col = "pink", lty=2) 
  lines(adf$year, adf$num, col = "red", lty=3) 
  lines(adf$year, adf$gold, col = "green", lty=6)
  legend("bottomright", legend = c("EPE Public","Tone","Coverage","No of Events",
  "Conflictual"), col = c("black","steelblue","pink","red","green"),
     lty = c(1,5,2,3,6),
     cex = 1.5, seg.len=4)
     }

這是dput(head(A))的輸出：

structure(list(X = 1:6, country = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L), .Label = c("AU", "BE", "BU", "DA", "EN", "EZ", "FI", 
"FR", "GM", "HR", "HU", "IT", "LG", "LH", "LO", "LU", "MT", "NL", 
"PL", "RO", "SI", "SP", "SW"), class = "factor"), year = 1994:1999, 
gold = c(-0.571428571, -2.4, 1.26, -0.2, -0.966666667, 0.316666667
), tone = c(324L, 239L, 251L, 72L, 61L, 159L), articles = c(3.571428571, 
4.5, 8.2, 4.6, 9.333333333, 6.166666667), num = c(7L, 4L, 
5L, 5L, 6L, 6L), yepe = 1995:2000, couepe = structure(c(1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("AU", "BE", "BU", "DA", "EN", 
"EZ", "FI", "FR", "GM", "HR", "HU", "IT", "LG", "LH", "LO", 
"LU", "MT", "NL", "PL", "RO", "SI", "SP", "SW"), class = "factor"), 
epepub = c(2.01, 1.87, 0.55, 0.63, 0.52, 0.82), epepriv = c(NA, 
NA, 2.63, 2.71, 2.59, 2.12), epeind = c(0.65, 0.66, 0.72, 
0.63, 0.57, 0.53)), .Names = c("X", "country", "year", "gold", 
"tone", "articles", "num", "yepe", "couepe", "epepub", "epepriv", 
"epeind"), row.names = c(NA, 6L), class = "data.frame")

---

這是我的數據的圖像：

Answer 1

我高度，高度，強烈建議在嘗試在R中進行復雜繪圖時不要使用基礎繪圖軟件包。Laterow指出，您的問題是使用par(mfrow=c(5,5))調用。 而不是嘗試調試那里出了什么問題。 請考慮使用ggplot，它是用於進行r繪圖的更健壯，易讀和靈活的庫。 用Hadley Wickham的話來說，〜“基礎R繪圖用於創建圖形，ggplot用於理解數據”

例如，我相信您嘗試生成的圖形可以通過以下方式實現。 注意，沒有for循環。 通常，在R中，如果您使用for循環，則表示做錯了什么。 還要注意，它大約占了代碼行的一半，並且比您最初編寫的內容可讀性強。

library(ggplot2)
ggplot(A, aes(x=year)) + 
  geom_line(aes(y=tone, colour="Tone")) + 
  geom_line(aes(y=articles, colour="Coverage")) + 
  geom_line(aes(y=num, colour="No of Events")) +
  geom_line(aes(y=gold, colour="Conflictual")) + 
  facet_wrap(~country) + 
  scale_colour_manual("Legend", 
                      breaks = c("Tone", "Coverage", "No of Events", "Conflictual"),
                      values = c("steelblue", "pink", "red", "green")) +
  xlab("value") + 
  ylab("years")

產生：

請注意，您的樣本數據僅具有“ AU”國家/地區的值。 但是，無論該領域中有多少國家/地區，這都將自動包裹您的各個方面。 which appears to be what you were doing in the original attempt. 這比必須靜態地說 （似乎是您在最初嘗試中所做的事情）要強大得多 。