[英]How to open and convert sqlite database to pandas dataframe
我已經下載了一些數據作為 sqlite 數據庫 (data.db),我想在 python 中打開這個數據庫,然后將其轉換為 Pandas 數據幀。
到目前為止,我已經完成了
import sqlite3
import pandas
dat = sqlite3.connect('data.db') #connected to database with out error
pandas.DataFrame.from_records(dat, index=None, exclude=None, columns=None, coerce_float=False, nrows=None)
但它拋出這個錯誤
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/core/frame.py", line 980, in from_records
coerce_float=coerce_float)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/core/frame.py", line 5353, in _to_arrays
if not len(data):
TypeError: object of type 'sqlite3.Connection' has no len()
如何將sqlite數據庫轉換為pandas數據框
盡管 sqlite 是 Python 標准庫的一部分,並且是 SQLite 數據庫的一個很好且簡單的界面,但 Pandas 教程指出:
注意 為了使用 read_sql_table(),您必須安裝 SQLAlchemy 可選依賴項。
但是如果你想避免安裝 SQLAlchemy,Pandas 仍然支持 sqlite3 訪問:
import sqlite3
import pandas as pd
# Create your connection.
cnx = sqlite3.connect('file.db')
df = pd.read_sql_query("SELECT * FROM table_name", cnx)
如前所述這里,但你需要事先知道所使用的表的名稱。
線
data = sqlite3.connect('data.db')
打開與數據庫的連接。 沒有查詢到此的記錄。 因此,您必須在之后執行查詢並將其提供給DataFrame
構造函數。
它應該與此類似
import sqlite3
import pandas as pd
dat = sqlite3.connect('data.db')
query = dat.execute("SELECT * From <TABLENAME>")
cols = [column[0] for column in query.description]
results= pd.DataFrame.from_records(data = query.fetchall(), columns = cols)
我對 SQL 命令不是很了解,所以你應該檢查查詢的正確性。 應該是數據庫中表的名稱。
在 google 中搜索sqlalchemy
、 engine
和數據庫名稱(本例中為 sqlite):
import pandas as pd
import sqlalchemy
db_name = "data.db"
table_name = "LITTLE_BOBBY_TABLES"
engine = sqlalchemy.create_engine("sqlite:///%s" % db_name, execution_options={"sqlite_raw_colnames": True})
df = pd.read_sql_table(table_name, engine)
在不知道表名的情況下將 sqlite .db 解析為數據框字典:
def read_sqlite(dbfile):
import sqlite3
from pandas import read_sql_query, read_sql_table
with sqlite3.connect(dbfile) as dbcon:
tables = list(read_sql_query("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table';", dbcon)['name'])
out = {tbl : read_sql_query(f"SELECT * from {tbl}", dbcon) for tbl in tables}
return out
我寫了一段代碼,將表保存在一個數據庫文件中,比如 .sqlite 或 .db,並從中創建一個 excel 文件,每個表作為一張表,或者將單個表制作成 csvs。
注意:您不需要提前知道表名!
import os, fnmatch
import sqlite3
import pandas as pd
#creates a directory without throwing an error
def create_dir(dir):
if not os.path.exists(dir):
os.makedirs(dir)
print("Created Directory : ", dir)
else:
print("Directory already existed : ", dir)
return dir
#finds files in a directory corresponding to a regex query
def find(pattern, path):
result = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
for name in files:
if fnmatch.fnmatch(name, pattern):
result.append(os.path.join(root, name))
return result
#convert sqlite databases(.db,.sqlite) to pandas dataframe(excel with each table as a different sheet or individual csv sheets)
def save_db(dbpath=None,excel_path=None,csv_path=None,extension="*.sqlite",csvs=True,excels=True):
if (excels==False and csvs==False):
print("Atleast one of the parameters need to be true: csvs or excels")
return -1
#little code to find files by extension
if dbpath==None:
files=find(extension,os.getcwd())
if len(files)>1:
print("Multiple files found! Selecting the first one found!")
print("To locate your file, set dbpath=<yourpath>")
dbpath = find(extension,os.getcwd())[0] if dbpath==None else dbpath
print("Reading database file from location :",dbpath)
#path handling
external_folder,base_name=os.path.split(os.path.abspath(dbpath))
file_name=os.path.splitext(base_name)[0] #firstname without .
exten=os.path.splitext(base_name)[-1] #.file_extension
internal_folder="Saved_Dataframes_"+file_name
main_path=os.path.join(external_folder,internal_folder)
create_dir(main_path)
excel_path=os.path.join(main_path,"Excel_Multiple_Sheets.xlsx") if excel_path==None else excel_path
csv_path=main_path if csv_path==None else csv_path
db = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)
cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table';")
tables = cursor.fetchall()
print(len(tables),"Tables found :")
if excels==True:
#for writing to excel(xlsx) we will be needing this!
try:
import XlsxWriter
except ModuleNotFoundError:
!pip install XlsxWriter
if (excels==True and csvs==True):
writer = pd.ExcelWriter(excel_path, engine='xlsxwriter')
i=0
for table_name in tables:
table_name = table_name[0]
table = pd.read_sql_query("SELECT * from %s" % table_name, db)
i+=1
print("Parsing Excel Sheet ",i," : ",table_name)
table.to_excel(writer, sheet_name=table_name, index=False)
print("Parsing CSV File ",i," : ",table_name)
table.to_csv(os.path.join(csv_path,table_name + '.csv'), index_label='index')
writer.save()
elif excels==True:
writer = pd.ExcelWriter(excel_path, engine='xlsxwriter')
i=0
for table_name in tables:
table_name = table_name[0]
table = pd.read_sql_query("SELECT * from %s" % table_name, db)
i+=1
print("Parsing Excel Sheet ",i," : ",table_name)
table.to_excel(writer, sheet_name=table_name, index=False)
writer.save()
elif csvs==True:
i=0
for table_name in tables:
table_name = table_name[0]
table = pd.read_sql_query("SELECT * from %s" % table_name, db)
i+=1
print("Parsing CSV File ",i," : ",table_name)
table.to_csv(os.path.join(csv_path,table_name + '.csv'), index_label='index')
cursor.close()
db.close()
return 0
save_db();
我已經將我的數據存儲在 database.sqlite 表名是 Reviews
import sqlite3
con=sqlite3.connect("database.sqlite")
data=pd.read_sql_query("SELECT * FROM Reviews",con)
print(data)
如果data.db
是您的 SQLite 數據庫並且table_name
是它的表之一,那么您可以執行以下操作:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_sql_table('table_name', 'sqlite:///data.db')
不需要其他進口。
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