查找包含列表的嵌套詞典之間的區別

Question

我想提取兩個嵌套字典之間的差異，並希望結果包括完整的字典鍵路徑。 我已經安裝了Python2.7和DeepDiff，這似乎是我想要實現的最佳選擇。 我試圖確定如何更改DeepDiff的輸出，以便它提供完整的字典路徑和值，而不是無法索引的集合。 有沒有更好的方法來更改輸出（而不是將輸出轉換回字典）？

碼：

from __future__ import print_function
from deepdiff import DeepDiff
knownAPs = {'WLC1': {'10.1.1.1': {'72.6': ['AP22', 'city'], '55.1': ['AP102', 'office']}}, 'WLC2': {'10.1.1.2': {}}}
discoveredAPs = {'WLC1': {'10.1.1.1': {}}, 'WLC2': {'10.1.1.2': {}}}
ddiff = DeepDiff(knownAPs, discoveredAPs)
if 'dic_item_added' in ddiff.keys():
    print('Item added to known: ' + str((ddiff['dic_item_added'])))
if 'dic_item_removed' in ddiff.keys():
    DisAssociatedAPs = (list(list(ddiff['dic_item_removed'])))
    for i in DisAssociatedAPs:
        fullkeypath = (str(i).strip('root'))
        ControllerName = (fullkeypath[0])
        ControllerIP = (fullkeypath[1])
        AccessPointIndex = (fullkeypath[2])
        print('AP: ' + str(knownAPs + fullkeypath) + ' on controller: ' + str(ControllerName) + ' was removed from the known database')
if 'values_changed' in ddiff.keys():
    print('Item changed: ' + str((ddiff['values_changed'])))

輸出量

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/xxx/testdic4.py", line 15, in <module>
    print('AP: ' + str(knownAPs + fullkeypath) + ' on controller: ' + str(ControllerName) + ' was removed from the known database')
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'dict' and 'str'

Process finished with exit code 1

首選輸出

AP: ['AP22', 'city'] on controller: ['WLC1'] was removed from the known database
AP: ['AP102', 'office'] on controller: ['WLC1'] was removed from the known database

Answer 1

問題恰恰是回溯告訴您的：您正在嘗試向字符串添加字典，這當然不是您想要的。 具體來說，當將knownAPs （類型dict ）添加到fullkeypath （類型str ）時，會出現錯誤，因為dict不知道如何將自身添加到str 。

但這並不能回答您關於如何以所需方式輸出差異的更一般的問題。 嘗試這個：

diffs = deepdiff.DeepDiff(knownAPs, discoveredAPs)

def get_value_from_string(d, s):
    s = list(filter(None, (piece[2:-1] for piece in s.split(']'))))

    for piece in s:
        d = d[piece]
    return d


if 'dic_item_removed' in diffs:
    for item in diffs['dic_item_removed']:
        item = item.strip('root')
        base = item[2:item.find(']') - 1]
        print('AP:', get_value_from_string(knownAPs, item), 
            'on controller: \'' + base + '\' was removed from the known '
            'database')