打開文件並創建2D數組

Question

我有文件mapData.txt ，其中包含幾個數組：

[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]
[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]

我將如何打開此文件，並使用這些行創建2D數組？ 例如，在創建2D數組（稱為“ worldMap ”）之后，如果要鍵入：

print(worldMap[0][0])

它會打印1

Answer 1

您應該添加錯誤處理代碼，但這似乎至少對您的示例有效：

import json

worldMap = []
with open('mapData.txt', 'r') as datafile:
    for line in datafile:
        worldMap.append(json.loads(line))
    print(worldMap[0][0])

Answer 2

作為一種簡單有效的方法，您可以使用numpy.genfromtxt ：

import numpy as np

a = np.genfromtxt('a.txt', delimiter=',')

Answer 3

您可以使用ast.literal_eval評估文件中的每一行，也可以自己解析如下：

>>> def parse_line(line):
...     return line.strip('\n[]').split(',')
...
>>> with open('myfile.txt') as f:
...     world_map = [list(map(int,parse_line(line))) for line in f]
...
>>> pprint(world_map)
[[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]
>>>

但是您應該真正考慮使用現有的文本序列化格式，例如json 。 因此，例如：

>>> my_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
>>> import json
>>> with open('my_list.json', 'w') as f:
...     json.dump(my_list, json)
...

因此，以上將json文件寫入磁盤。 現在，要從磁盤加載：

>>> with open('my_list.json') as f:
...     list2 = json.load(f)
...
>>> list2
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
>>>