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如何使用時間復雜度<O(n ^ 2)和空間復雜度O(n)快速按值對整數數組進行排序,然后按重復次數對整數數組進行排序

[英]How to sort array of integer first by value and second by number of repetition using swift in time complexity < O(n^2) and space complexity O(n)

這是我嘗試過的解決方案,但是順序為O(n ^ 2),所以沒有通過測試結果

func sortArrayByValueAndByFrequency(nums : [Int]) {
    var countDict = [Int : Int]()
    var count  = Int()
    var values = Int()
    var output = [Int]()
    for index in 0 ..< nums.count {
        for index2 in 0 ..< nums.count{
            if nums[index2] == nums[index] {
                values = nums[index2]
                count += 1
            }
        }
        countDict[values] = count

        count = 0
    }

    let sortedByKey = countDict.sorted { ($0.key < $1.key)}
    let sortedByValue = sortedByKey.sorted { ($0.value < $1.value)}
    for (k,v) in sortedByValue {
        for _ in 1 ... v {
            output.append(k)
        }
    }

    output.forEach { (orderedNumber) in
        print(orderedNumber)
    }
}

輸入/輸出示例:

Example array = [1,1,2,3,4,5,5,6,7,7,7,8,9,9,9,20,25,21,20]
Expected output = [2,3,4,6,8,21,25,1,1,5,5,20,20,7,7,7,9,9,9]

example 2 = [1,2,3,4,4,3,3]
output = [1,2,4,4,3,3,3]

這個問題是在HackerRank上問我的

首先確定每個值的出現次數(O(n)),然后對這些值進行排序,並以出現次數為第一排序標准,並將值本身作為第二排序標准(O(n log(n)) )。 通過元組比較方便地進行排序 (比較Swift-使用多個條件對對象數組進行排序 ):

let array = [1,1,2,3,4,5,5,6,7,7,7,8,9,9,9,20,25,21,20]

let countDict = array.reduce(into: [Int:Int]()) {
    $0[$1, default: 0] += 1
}

let sorted = array.sorted(by: {
  (countDict[$0]!, $0) < (countDict[$1]!, $1)
})

print(sorted)
// [2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 21, 25, 1, 1, 5, 5, 20, 20, 7, 7, 7, 9, 9, 9]

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