[英]Modify dictionary key
嗨,我有以下字典
{
'namelist': [{'name':"John",'age':23,'country':'USA'},
{'name':"Mary",'age':12,'country':'Italy'},
{'name':"Susan",'age':32,'country':'UK'}],
'classteacher':'Jon Smith'
}
我想知道是否可以將其更改為
{
'namelist': [{'name_1':"John",'age_1':23,'country_1':'USA'},
{'name_2':"Mary",'age_2':12,'country_3':'Italy'},
{'name_3':"Susan",'age_3':32,'country_3':'UK'}],
'classteacher':'Jon Smith'
}
通過在每個鍵的每個最后位置添加_1,_2 ....是否可以? 謝謝您的幫助
您可以通過更改鍵並刪除初始值來在初始列表中添加新值yourdict[j+'_'+str(num)] = yourdict.pop(j)
keys()
返回字典的所有鍵( name, age, country
)
a = {'namelist': [{'name':"John",'age':23,'country':'USA'},
{'name':"Mary",'age':12,'country':'Italy'},
{'name':"Susan",'age':32,'country':'UK'}]}
num = 1
for i in a['namelist']:
for j in list(i.keys()):
i[j+'_'+str(num)] = i.pop(j)
num += 1
print(a)
# {'namelist': [
# {'name_1': 'John', 'country_1': 'USA', 'age_1': 23},
# {'name_2': 'Mary', 'country_2': 'Italy', 'age_2': 12},
# {'name_3': 'Susan', 'age_3': 32, 'country_3': 'UK'}]}
使用enumerate
例如:
d = {'namelist': [{'name':"John",'age':23,'country':'USA'},
{'name':"Mary",'age':12,'country':'Italy'},
{'name':"Susan",'age':32,'country':'UK'}]}
d["namelist"] = [{k+"_"+str(i): v for k,v in value.items()} for i , value in enumerate(d["namelist"], 1)]
print(d)
輸出:
{'namelist': [{'age_1': 23, 'country_1': 'USA', 'name_1': 'John'},
{'age_2': 12, 'country_2': 'Italy', 'name_2': 'Mary'},
{'age_3': 32, 'country_3': 'UK', 'name_3': 'Susan'}]}
您將必須創建新密鑰,其值對應於舊密鑰。 您可以使用dict.pop
在一行中輕松完成此dict.pop
我假設您想將行的索引添加到field name
。 對於其他字段或以其他方式修改它們,您可以執行類似的操作。
for index, row in enumerate(a['namelist']):
row['name_%d' % index] = row.pop('name')
輸出:
{'namelist': [{'age': 23, 'country': 'USA', 'name_0': 'John'},
{'age': 12, 'country': 'Italy', 'name_1': 'Mary'},
{'age': 32, 'country': 'UK', 'name_2': 'Susan'}]}
這是我的單行樣式解決方案,即使您除了“名稱列表”以外還有許多鍵,該方法也可以使用:
d = {'namelist': [{'name':"John",'age':23,'country':'USA'},
{'name':"Mary",'age':12,'country':'Italy'},
{'name':"Susan",'age':32,'country':'UK'}],
'classteacher':'Jon Smith'
}
d = {k:[{f'{k2}_{nb}':v2 for k2,v2 in i.items()} for nb,i in enumerate(v,1)] if isinstance(v,list) else v for k,v in d.items()}
print(d)
# {'namelist': [{'name_1': 'John', 'age_1': 23, 'country_1': 'USA'},
# {'name_2': 'Mary', 'age_2': 12, 'country_2': 'Italy'},
# {'name_3': 'Susan', 'age_3': 32, 'country_3': 'UK'}]},
# 'classteacher': 'Jon Smith'
# }
但是,正如阿蘭·費伊(Aran-Fey)所說,這並不是很容易閱讀,而且很難維護。 因此,我還建議您使用嵌套的for循環解決方案:
d1 = {'namelist': [{'name':"John",'age':23,'country':'USA'},
{'name':"Mary",'age':12,'country':'Italy'},
{'name':"Susan",'age':32,'country':'UK'}],
'classteacher':'Jon Smith'}
for k1,v1 in d1.items():
if isinstance(v1,list):
for nb,d2 in enumerate(v1,1):
for k2 in list(d2):
d2[f'{k2}_{nb}'] = d2.pop(k2)
print(d1)
# {'namelist': [{'name_1': 'John', 'age_1': 23, 'country_1': 'USA'},
# {'name_2': 'Mary', 'age_2': 12, 'country_2': 'Italy'},
# {'name_3': 'Susan', 'age_3': 32, 'country_3': 'UK'}]},
# 'classteacher': 'Jon Smith'
# }
您可以使用字典和列表推導:
d = {'namelist': [{'name': "John", 'age': 23, 'country': 'USA'},
{'name': "Mary", 'age': 12, 'country': 'Italy'},
{'name': "Susan", 'age': 32, 'country': 'UK'}]}
d = {k: [{'_'.join((n, str(i))): v for n, v in s.items()} for i, s in enumerate(l, 1)] for k, l in d.items()}
d
將變為:
{'namelist': [{'name_1': 'John', 'age_1': 23, 'country_1': 'USA'}, {'name_2': 'Mary', 'age_2': 12, 'country_2': 'Italy'}, {'name_3': 'Susan', 'age_3': 32, 'country_3': 'UK'}]}
for i, dct in enumerate(inp['namelist'], 1):
for key, value in list(dct.items()): # take a copy since we are modifying the dct
del dct[key] # delete old pair
dct[key+'_'+str(i)] = value # new key format
這樣就可以了。 您沒有使用額外的內存。 遍歷dict
每個值,然后刪除舊的鍵-值對,並在鍵名更改的情況下添加它。
使用字典理解:
mydictionary['namelist'] = [dict((key + '_' + str(i), value) for key,value in mydictionary['namelist'][i-1].items()) for i in [1, 2, 3]]
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