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在 asp.net 核心應用程序中實現了 IHostedService,如何在沒有 IIS 的第一個請求的情況下運行它?

[英]Implemented IHostedService in an asp.net core app, How to run it without the first request on IIS?

我在 asp.net 核心網站中實現了 IHostedService。 它工作得很好,但問題是我希望它在托管服務器啟動或 IIS 服務重新啟動時啟動,但除非對網站的第一個請求進入,否則它不會啟動。

  • 該網站托管在 IIS 版本 10.0.18
  • AppPool 處於“AlwaysRunning”模式
  • 網站上的“PreloadEnabled”為“True”。
  • 將“.NET CLR 版本”設置為“無托管代碼”或“v4.0.xxxxxx”沒有幫助。
  • dotnet core 版本為 2.2 並安裝了 dotnet core hosting bundle。

更新 1: @Arthur 建議的“應用程序初始化模塊”沒有幫助。 既不是現場也不是服務器級別。

我使用的配置:

    <applicationInitialization
         doAppInitAfterRestart="true"
         skipManagedModules="false"
         remapManagedRequestsTo="init.htm">
        <add initializationPage="/init.htm" hostName="localhost"/>
    </applicationInitialization>

更新2:這是我實現界面的方式

internal class PaymentQueueService : IHostedService, IDisposable
{
    private readonly ILogger _logService;
    private Timer _timerEnqueue;

    public PaymentQueueService(ILogger logService)
    {
        _logService = logService;
    }

    public Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        _logService.LogInformation("Starting processing payments.");

        _timerEnqueue = new Timer(EnqueuePayments, null, TimeSpan.Zero,
            TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));

        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }

    private void EnqueuePayments(object state)
    {
        _logService.LogInformation("Enqueueing Payments.");
    }

    public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        _logService.LogInformation("Stopping processing payments.");

        _timerEnqueue?.Change(Timeout.Infinite, 0);

        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        _timerEnqueue?.Dispose();
    }
}

main.cs 文件中的 class 程序:

public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            CreateWebHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
        }

        public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
            WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args).ConfigureServices(services =>
            {
                services.AddHostedService<PaymentQueueService>();
            }).Configure((IApplicationBuilder app) =>
            {

                app.UseMvc();
            })
                .UseStartup<Startup>();
    }

啟動 class:

public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {

        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostEnvironment env)
        {

        }
    }

由於建議的“應用程序初始化模塊”不起作用,您可以考慮自己與客戶進行調用,因為

模塊在第一個請求到達時啟動 ASP.NET 核心應用程序的進程,如果應用程序關閉或崩潰,則重新啟動應用程序。

public class Program {
    static Lazy<HttpClient> client = new Lazy<HttpClient>();
    public static async Task Main(string[] args) {
        var host = CreateWebHostBuilder(args).Start();//non blocking start
        using (host) {
            bool started = false;
            do {
                var response = await client.Value.GetAsync("site root");
                started = response.IsSuccessStatusCode;
                await Task.Delay(someDelayHere);
            } while (!started);
            
            host.WaitForShutdown();
        }
    }

    public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
        WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
            .ConfigureServices(services => {
                services.AddHostedService<PaymentQueueService>();
            })
            .Configure((IApplicationBuilder app) => {
                app.UseMvc();
            })
            .UseStartup<Startup>();
}

筆記:

要防止進程外托管的應用程序超時,請使用以下方法之一:

  • 從外部服務 ping 應用程序以使其保持運行。
  • 如果應用僅托管后台服務,請避免托管 IIS 並使用 Windows 服務托管 ASP.NET 核心應用。

托管它“OutOfProcess”可以解決問題,但請記住這不是首選方式。 我已經使用給定的代碼在 GitHub 上創建了一個 repo,您可以檢查最后一次提交的更改。

來源: https://github.com/tvdias/SO58831661

有關 InProcess 和 OutOfProcess 之間差異的深入解釋,我建議閱讀此頁面: https://weblog.west-wind.com/posts/2019/Mar/16/ASPNET-Core-Hosting-on-IIS-with-ASPNET -核心-22

這是我創建webservices的方式。 Startup.cs我注入我的IHostedServices Container是來自StructureMap的 class 。 我從現有項目中復制了它,因此它不能 100% 適合您的示例。

public class Program
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Config.Directories.EnsureDirectoryTree();

        var isService = !(Debugger.IsAttached || args.Contains("--console"));
        var webHostService = MyWebHostService.BuildWebHostService(args.Where(arg => arg != "--console").ToArray());

        if (isService)
        {
            ServiceBase.Run(webHostService);
        }
        else
        {
            webHostService.InitializeBackend();
            webHostService.Host.Run();
        }
    }
}

public class MyWebHostService : WebHostService
{
    public static readonly Logger Logger = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();

    public IWebHost Host { get; }

    public static ZlsWebHostService BuildWebHostService(string[] args)
    {
        ConfigureNLog();

        Logger.Info("{0} (v{1}) starting...", Config.ServiceName, GetApplicationVersion());

        // restore config files
        Config.Files.EnsureRestored();

        var host = CreateWebHostBuilder(args).Build();
        return new ZlsWebHostService(host);
    }

    public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args)
    {
        var pathToExe = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
        var pathToContentRoot = Path.GetDirectoryName(pathToExe);

        return WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder()
            .UseKestrel()
            .UseContentRoot(pathToContentRoot)
            .ConfigureAppConfiguration((context, config) =>
            {
                config.SetBasePath(Config.Directories.ActiveConfig);
                config.AddJsonFile(Config.Files.KestrelConfig.RelativePath, true, true);})
            .ConfigureLogging((hostingContext, logging) =>
            {
                logging.ClearProviders();
                logging.AddConfiguration(hostingContext.Configuration.GetSection("Logging"));
                logging.AddConsole();
                if(hostingContext.HostingEnvironment.IsDevelopment())
                    logging.AddDebug();
            })
            .UseNLog()
            .UseStartup<Startup>();
    }

    public MyWebHostService(IWebHost host) : base(host)
    {
        this.Host = host;
    }

    protected override void OnStarting(string[] args)
    {
        InitializeBackend();

        base.OnStarting(args);
    }

    protected override void OnStarted()
    {
        Logger.Info("{0} started...", Config.ServiceName);
        base.OnStarted();
    }

    protected override void OnStopped()
    {
        Logger.Info("{0} stopped...", Config.ServiceName);
        base.OnStopped();
    }

...

}

public class Startup
{
...

    // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
    // For more information on how to configure your application, visit https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=398940
    public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        ...

        services.AddSingleton<PaymentQueueService>();

        ...

        var container = new Container(c =>
        {
            c.IncludeRegistry<MyFooRegistry>();
            c.Populate(services);
        });
        return container.GetInstance<IServiceProvider>();
    }

...

}

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