使用基本繪圖功能翻轉 x 和 y 軸

Question

我有一個帶有級別的向量 v3：setosa versicolor virginica

當我使用基本繪圖函數繪制向量時；

plot(v3, type = "s", xlim = NULL, ylim = c(0,50), 
main = "Plot 2", ylab = 'Frequency', col = "blue")

我得到以下情節

但我想創建的輸出如下所示：

我知道存在某些（更優雅的）解決方案，但我想在不安裝和加載其他軟件包的情況下創建它。 我用軸嘗試了以下操作：

axis(1, at = c(0,50), labels = FALSE, tick = TRUE)
axis(2, at = levels(v3), labels = FALSE, tick = TRUE)

但R不會接受它。

感謝您提供任何意見！

Answer 1

看起來您正在尋找的是條形圖而不是散點圖。 假設您有這樣的數據：

數據：

set.seed(321)
v3 <- sample(c("setosa", "versicolor", "virginica"), 100, replace = T)
v3
  [1] "versicolor" "versicolor" "setosa"     "setosa"     "setosa"     "versicolor" "versicolor" "setosa"    
  [9] "virginica"  "virginica"  "setosa"     "virginica"  "versicolor" "virginica"  "versicolor" "virginica" 
 [17] "setosa"     "versicolor" "virginica"  "virginica"  "versicolor" "versicolor" "virginica"  "versicolor"
 [25] "virginica"  "versicolor" "setosa"     "versicolor" "setosa"     "virginica"  "setosa"     "setosa"    
 [33] "virginica"  "versicolor" "setosa"     "virginica"  "versicolor" "setosa"     "versicolor" "setosa"    
 [41] "virginica"  "versicolor" "setosa"     "virginica"  "setosa"     "versicolor" "versicolor" "setosa"    
 [49] "setosa"     "virginica"  "virginica"  "virginica"  "setosa"     "virginica"  "versicolor" "versicolor"
 [57] "setosa"     "setosa"     "virginica"  "setosa"     "setosa"     "versicolor" "virginica"  "virginica" 
 [65] "virginica"  "setosa"     "virginica"  "versicolor" "versicolor" "versicolor" "virginica"  "versicolor"
 [73] "virginica"  "setosa"     "setosa"     "versicolor" "virginica"  "versicolor" "versicolor" "versicolor"
 [81] "versicolor" "virginica"  "setosa"     "virginica"  "setosa"     "versicolor" "virginica"  "setosa"    
 [89] "versicolor" "versicolor" "virginica"  "setosa"     "virginica"  "virginica"  "virginica"  "versicolor"
 [97] "setosa"     "virginica"  "virginica"  "setosa"

你不能做的是繪制因子水平； 您只能計算數據中出現級別的次數：您可以繪制這些頻率。 您可以通過使用table函數將向量v3制表來完成此操作。 要將條形翻轉到水平位置，您可以使用參數horiz = TRUE （這樣做還需要將標簽Frequency放在 x 軸而不是 y 軸上）：

barplot(table(v3), horiz = T, main = "Plot 2", 
        xlab = 'Frequency', 
        ylab = 'Species',
        col = 'blue')

結果：

生成的條形圖如下所示：