如何正確導入 tensorflow？

Question

import tensorflow as tf

我在 Anaconda 解釋器中收到此消息...有人可以幫忙嗎？

謝謝！

---

ImportError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py in <module>
     57 
---> 58   from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
     59   from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import __version__

~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py in <module>
     27             return _mod
---> 28     _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
     29     del swig_import_helper

~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py in swig_import_helper()
     23             try:
---> 24                 _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description)
     25             finally:

~\anaconda3\lib\imp.py in load_module(name, file, filename, details)
    241         else:
--> 242             return load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
    243     elif type_ == PKG_DIRECTORY:

~\anaconda3\lib\imp.py in load_dynamic(name, path, file)
    341             name=name, loader=loader, origin=path)
--> 342         return _load(spec)
    343 

ImportError: DLL load failed: Eine DLL-Initialisierungsroutine ist fehlgeschlagen.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

ImportError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-1-64156d691fe5> in <module>
----> 1 import tensorflow as tf

~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py in <module>
     22 
     23 # pylint: disable=g-bad-import-order
---> 24 from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow  # pylint: disable=unused-import
     25 
     26 from tensorflow._api.v1 import app

~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py in <module>
     47 import numpy as np
     48 
---> 49 from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
     50 
     51 # Protocol buffers

~\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py in <module>
     72 for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
     73 above this error message when asking for help.""" % traceback.format_exc()
---> 74   raise ImportError(msg)
     75 
     76 # pylint: enable=wildcard-import,g-import-not-at-top,unused-import,line-too-long

ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\MIGUEL\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Users\MIGUEL\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Users\MIGUEL\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description)
  File "C:\Users\MIGUEL\anaconda3\lib\imp.py", line 242, in load_module
    return load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
  File "C:\Users\MIGUEL\anaconda3\lib\imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic
    return _load(spec)
ImportError: DLL load failed: Eine DLL-Initialisierungsroutine ist fehlgeschlagen.


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/errors

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.

Answer 1

在這個（答案）部分指定答案，即使它出現在評論部分是為了社區的利益。

通過在New Virtual Environment安裝Tensorflow解決了問題。

使用虛擬環境具有以下優點

• 我們可以在多個Virtual Environments維護多個版本的Tensorflow ，每個Virtual Environment包含每個版本，如Tensorflow 1.14, 1.15, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2,etc..
• 我們可以在每個Virtual Environment使用不同的Python Versions （ 2.x, 3.6, 3.7 ）
• 如果我們想修改任何Tensorflow API的source code ，我們可以在我們的Virtual Environment ，而不會影響其在其他Virtual Environments功能。

在Anaconda創建新的Virtual Environment和安裝Tensorflow步驟，對於不同的操作系統，如下所示：

# Create a New Virtual Environment
conda create --name TF_2_VE

# When conda asks you to proceed, type y:
proceed ([y]/n)?

# Activate the Virtual Environment. Conda Version > 4.6 
conda activate TF_2_VE

# Activating Virtual Environment, Conda Version < 4.6 and Windows OS
activate TF_2_VE

# Activating Virtual Environment, Conda Version < 4.6 and Linux and Mac OS
source activate TF_2_VE


# Install the TF Version you need
conda install tensorflow

希望這些信息有幫助。 快樂學習！

Answer 2

要安裝當前版本的 CPU-only TensorFlow，推薦給初學者：

conda create -n tf tensorflow
conda activate tf

如果你已經有 cuda 軟件

conda create -n tf-gpu tensorflow-gpu
conda activate tf-gpu