無法構建 opencv-python

Question

我正在使用 pycharm。 我創建了一個要使用的虛擬環境，當我嘗試安裝 opencv 庫時，我收到一條錯誤消息。

我正在使用 pip 命令安裝 openCV：

命令：pip install opencv-python

這是我使用命令時出現的錯誤消息：

錯誤： -

Collecting opencv-python
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e0/6f/237b730227927c15a68ec831a51bc83837bb65d54bf9651c08b474201b9a/opencv-python-4.4.0.40.tar.gz
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
    Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.17.3 in f:\python\rio python\project rio\reco_env\lib\site-packages (from opencv-python) (1.19.1)
Building wheels for collected packages: opencv-python
  Building wheel for opencv-python (PEP 517) ... error
  Complete output from command "F:\Python\Rio Python\Project Rio\Reco_env\Scripts\python.exe" "F:\Python\Rio Python\Project Rio\Reco_env\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.8.egg\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py" build_wheel C:\Users\Rio\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpew_pbwjp:
  Not searching for unused variables given on the command line.
  CMake Error: CMake was unable to find a build program corresponding to "Ninja".  CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM is not set.  You probably need to select a different build tool.
  -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
  See also "C:/Users/Rio/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-gyo_26q6/opencv-python/_cmake_test_compile/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
  Not searching for unused variables given on the command line.
  CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:2 (PROJECT):
    Generator

      Visual Studio 15 2017

    could not find any instance of Visual Studio.



  -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
  See also "C:/Users/Rio/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-gyo_26q6/opencv-python/_cmake_test_compile/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
  Not searching for unused variables given on the command line.
  -- The C compiler identification is unknown
  CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:3 (ENABLE_LANGUAGE):
    The CMAKE_C_COMPILER:

      cl

    is not a full path and was not found in the PATH.

    To use the NMake generator with Visual C++, cmake must be run from a shell
    that can use the compiler cl from the command line.  This environment is
    unable to invoke the cl compiler.  To fix this problem, run cmake from the
    Visual Studio Command Prompt (vcvarsall.bat).

    Tell CMake where to find the compiler by setting either the environment
    variable "CC" or the CMake cache entry CMAKE_C_COMPILER to the full path to
    the compiler, or to the compiler name if it is in the PATH.


  -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
  See also "C:/Users/Rio/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-gyo_26q6/opencv-python/_cmake_test_compile/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
  See also "C:/Users/Rio/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-gyo_26q6/opencv-python/_cmake_test_compile/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".
  Not searching for unused variables given on the command line.
  -- The C compiler identification is unknown
  CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:3 (ENABLE_LANGUAGE):
    The CMAKE_C_COMPILER:

      cl

    is not a full path and was not found in the PATH.

    To use the JOM generator with Visual C++, cmake must be run from a shell
    that can use the compiler cl from the command line.  This environment is
    unable to invoke the cl compiler.  To fix this problem, run cmake from the
    Visual Studio Command Prompt (vcvarsall.bat).

    Tell CMake where to find the compiler by setting either the environment
    variable "CC" or the CMake cache entry CMAKE_C_COMPILER to the full path to
    the compiler, or to the compiler name if it is in the PATH.


  -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
  See also "C:/Users/Rio/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-gyo_26q6/opencv-python/_cmake_test_compile/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
  See also "C:/Users/Rio/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-gyo_26q6/opencv-python/_cmake_test_compile/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".


  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Trying "Ninja (Visual Studio 15 2017 v141)" generator
  --------------------------------
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  -- Trying "Ninja (Visual Studio 15 2017 v141)" generator - failure
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------



  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Trying "Visual Studio 15 2017 v141" generator
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  --
  --
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  -- Trying "Visual Studio 15 2017 v141" generator - failure
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------



  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Trying "NMake Makefiles (Visual Studio 15 2017 v141)" generator
  --------------------------------
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  --
  --
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  -- Trying "NMake Makefiles (Visual Studio 15 2017 v141)" generator - failure
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------



  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Trying "NMake Makefiles JOM (Visual Studio 15 2017 v141)" generator
  --------------------------------
  ---------------------------
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  -----------------
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  --
  --
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  -- Trying "NMake Makefiles JOM (Visual Studio 15 2017 v141)" generator - failure
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  ********************************************************************************
  scikit-build could not get a working generator for your system. Aborting build.

  Building windows wheels for Python 3.8 requires Microsoft Visual Studio 2017.
  Get it with "Visual Studio 2017":

    https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs/

  ********************************************************************************

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for opencv-python
  Running setup.py clean for opencv-python
Failed to build opencv-python
Could not build wheels for opencv-python which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

我還安裝了 Visual Studio Community 2019，並嘗試使用 Visual Studio Community 2017，但我仍然遇到同樣的問題。

請問有誰知道如何解決這個問題？

Answer 1

解決方案：pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel

Answer 2

安裝 anaconda ......我也有同樣的問題......但 anaconda 只是鋪平了它

Answer 3

我相信您的問題正在發生，因為 Cmake 在您的系統路徑中找不到 cl 編譯器。 嘗試根據您安裝的 Visual Studio 找到它，然后將其添加到您的系統路徑。

這是可以找到 cl.exe 的路徑示例。 現在我的是 14.0，但你的可能不同。

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\bin

Answer 4

我嘗試了所有解決方案，但沒有一個解決了我的問題。 首先，我試圖從我公司的需求文件中下載 opencv-python-headless。 雖然，每次我執行安裝操作時它都會失敗並給出這個錯誤。

conda install -c fastai opencv-python-headless=4.5.2.54

我像上面一樣單獨安裝了opencv-python-headless，這確實解決了我的問題，也許它也可能有用。 所以，也許不是 pip，conda 可能是解決方案。