如何從 csv 轉換為嵌套的 json 字典（初學者）

Question

我的結果：

[
    {
        "FIRST NAME": "JOHN",
        "PRY SCHOOL": "OLIVETTE",
        "HIGH SCHOOL": "BAPTIST",
        "VEHICLEMAKE ": "TOYOTA",
        "VEHICLE COL": "BLACK",
        "TV MAKE": "SAMSUNG"
    },
    {
        "FIRST NAME": "KOFI",
        "PRY SCHOOL": "ACADAMY", 
        "HIGH SCHOOL": "MAYFLOWER",
        "VEHICLEMAKE ": "HONDA",
        "VEHICLE COL": "YELLOW",
        "TV MAKE": "TECHWOOD"
    },
    {
        "FIRST NAME": "BISI",
        "PRY SCHOOL": "IGBOBI",
        "HIGH SCHOOL": "ANGUS",
        "VEHICLEMAKE ": "HYUNDAI",
        "VEHICLE COL": "BLUE",
        "TV MAKE": "THERMOC"
    }
]

預期結果：

[
    {
        "FIRST NAME": "JOHN",
        "SCHOOL": {
            "primary": "OLIVETTE",
            "HIGH SCHOOL": "BAPTIST"
        },
        "VEHICLE": {
            "MAKE": "TOYOTA",
            "COL": "BLACK"
        },
        "TV MAKE": "SAMSUNG"
    },
    {
        "FIRST NAME": "KOFI",
        "SCHOOL": {
            "primary": "ACADAMY",
            "HIGH SCHOOL": "MAYFLOWER"
        },
        "VEHICLE": {
            "MAKE": "HONDA",
            "COL": "YELLOW"
        },
        "TV MAKE": "TECHWOOD"
    },
    {
        "FIRST NAME": "BISI",
        "SCHOOL": {
            "primary": "IGBOBI",
            "HIGH SCHOOL": "ANGUS"
        },
        "VEHICLE": {
            "MAKE": "HYUNDAI",
            "COL": "BLUE"
        },
        "TV MAKE": "THERMO"
    }
]

我的代碼：

import csv
import json

filenames = 'csvfilepath.csv'
my_dic = []

with open(filenames, encoding='utf-8') as csv_file:
     csv_reader = csv.DictReader(csv_file)

     for row in csv_reader:
         my_dic.append(row)

with open('jasonfilepath.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file_object:
    json.dump(my_dic, file_object ,indent = 4)

我的數據：

firstname  PRY SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL VEHICLEMAKE VEHICLECOL  TVMAKE
JOHN       OLIVETTE   BAPTIST     TOYOTA      BLACK       SAMSUNG
KOFI       ACADAMY    MAYFLOWER    HONDA      YELLOW      TECHWOOD
BISI       IGBOBI     ANGUS        HYUNDAI    BLUE         THERMO

注意：行數超過 1000 行

我想確保學校（包括小學和中學）和車輛（品牌和顏色）的嵌套結構

Answer 1

DictReader無法讀取嵌套數據，您需要手動構建具有所需結構的字典。 對於這種情況，我將使用簡單的csv.reader 。

代碼：

import csv
import json

with open(r"csvfilepath.csv", newline="") as inp_f, \
        open(r"jsonfilepath.json", "w") as out_f:
    reader = csv.reader(inp_f, delimiter="\t")
    next(reader)  # skip header
    my_dic = []
    for row in reader:
        if len(row) >= 6:  # skip rows which missing columns
            my_dic.append({
                "FIRST NAME": row[0],
                "SCHOOL": {
                    "primary": row[1],
                    "HIGH SCHOOL": row[2]
                },
                "VEHICLE": {
                    "MAKE": row[3],
                    "COL": row[4]
                },
                "TV MAKE": row[5]
            })
    if my_dic:  # if my_dic is not empty
        json.dump(my_dic, out_f, indent=4)

Answer 2

類似於下面的內容（您確定“TV MAKE”位置嗎？）

data = [ { "FIRST NAME": "JOHN", "PRY SCHOOL": "OLIVETTE", "HIGH SCHOOL": "BAPTIST", "VEHICLEMAKE ": "TOYOTA", "VEHICLE COL": "BLACK", "TV MAKE": "SAMSUNG" }, { "FIRST NAME": "KOFI", "PRY SCHOOL": "ACADAMY", "HIGH SCHOOL": "MAYFLOWER", "VEHICLEMAKE ": "HONDA", "VEHICLE COL": "YELLOW", "TV MAKE": "TECHWOOD" }, { "FIRST NAME": "BISI", "PRY SCHOOL": "IGBOBI", "HIGH SCHOOL": "ANGUS", "VEHICLEMAKE ": "HYUNDAI", "VEHICLE COL": "BLUE", "TV MAKE": "THERMOC" } ]


new = [{'SCHOOL':{'PRIMARY':d['PRY SCHOOL'],'HIGH SCHOOL':d['HIGH SCHOOL']},'VEHICLE':{'MAKE':d['VEHICLEMAKE '],'COL':d['VEHICLE COL']},'FIRST NAME':d['FIRST NAME'],'TV MAKE':d['TV MAKE']} for d in data]

print(new)

輸出

[{'SCHOOL': {'PRIMARY': 'OLIVETTE', 'HIGH SCHOOL': 'BAPTIST'}, 'VEHICLE': {'MAKE': 'TOYOTA', 'COL': 'BLACK'}, 'FIRST NAME': 'JOHN', 'TV MAKE': 'SAMSUNG'}, {'SCHOOL': {'PRIMARY': 'ACADAMY', 'HIGH SCHOOL': 'MAYFLOWER'}, 'VEHICLE': {'MAKE': 'HONDA', 'COL': 'YELLOW'}, 'FIRST NAME': 'KOFI', 'TV MAKE': 'TECHWOOD'}, {'SCHOOL': {'PRIMARY': 'IGBOBI', 'HIGH SCHOOL': 'ANGUS'}, 'VEHICLE': {'MAKE': 'HYUNDAI', 'COL': 'BLUE'}, 'FIRST NAME': 'BISI', 'TV MAKE': 'THERMOC'}]

Answer 3

假設使用制表符分隔的輸入文件，您可以在讀取輸入文件時通過稍微修改邏輯來構建嵌套：

with open(filenames, encoding='utf-8') as csv_file:
     csv_reader = csv.DictReader(csv_file, delimiter="\t")
     for row in csv_reader:
         my_dic.append({"FIRST NAME": row['firstname'],
                        "SCHOOL" : { "PRIMARY": row['PRY SCHOOL'],
                                     "HIGH SCHOOL" : row['HIGH SCHOOL']},
                        "VEHICLE" : { "MAKE": row['VEHICLEMAKE'],
                                      "COL": row['VEHICLECOL']},
                        "TV MAKE" : row["TVMAKE"]})