在 R 中，如何根據特定的行/列條件有選擇地將一個單元格“復制並粘貼”到另一個單元格中？

Question

我有一些數據（見下文），其中我有參與者（ ID列）在三個變量（ Name_A 、 Name_B和Name_C ）上得分。 這些分數目前是根據X1Score 、 X2Score和X3Score列中的相關變量水平記錄的。 我希望將這些分數“復制並粘貼”（因為缺少更好的短語）到相關列 - Name_A 、 Name_B和Name_C （當前填充為NA ） - 這樣我就有了長格式的數據。 我該怎么做呢？

ID  X1      X1Score X2      X2Score X3      X3Score Name_A    Name_B  Name_C
1   Name_A  4.58    Name_C  4.79    Name_B  5.22    NA        NA      NA
2   Name_C  5.35    Name_B  5.33    Name_A  5.61    NA        NA      NA
3   Name_B  5.59    Name_C  5.48    Name_A  4.89    NA        NA      NA
4   Name_C  5.36    Name_B  5.04    Name_A  4.93    NA        NA      NA
5   Name_A  5.39    Name_B  5.27    Name_C  5.11    NA        NA      NA
6   Name_C  4.91    Name_A  4.99    Name_B  5.01    NA        NA      NA



df <- structure(list(ID = 1:6,
                         X1 = c("Name_A", "Name_C", "Name_B", "Name_C", "Name_A", "Name_C"),
                         X1Score = c(4.58, 5.35, 5.59, 5.36, 5.39, 4.91),
                         X2 = c("Name_C", "Name_B", "Name_C", "Name_B", "Name_B", "Name_A"),
                         X2Score = c(4.79, 5.33, 5.48, 5.04, 5.27, 4.99),
                         X3 = c("Name_B", "Name_A", "Name_A", "Name_A", "Name_C", "Name_B"),
                         X3Score = c(5.22, 5.61, 4.89, 4.93, 5.11, 5.01),
                         Name_A = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA),
                         Name_B = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA),
                         Name_C = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA)),
                    row.names = c(NA, -6L), class = "data.frame")

#Edit：我上面的原始請求太簡單了，雖然答案在技術上解決了這個問題，但我無法理解如何概括它。 因此，這是一個修改后的示例（其中唯一的主要區別是列的命名約定） - 盡管在上面的示例中使用相同的代碼，但此示例會產生錯誤。 我希望通過我的問題的另一個例子，我將能夠理解'X\\\\d+(.*)'行，因為它看起來是讓它工作的關鍵。 這是更新的示例：

df <- structure(list(ID = 1:6,
                     X1_Name = c("Name_A", "Name_C", "Name_B", "Name_C", "Name_A", "Name_C"),
                     X1_Score = c(4.58, 5.35, 5.59, 5.36, 5.39, 4.91),
                     X5_Name = c("Name_C", "Name_B", "Name_C", "Name_B", "Name_B", "Name_A"),
                     X5_Score = c(4.79, 5.33, 5.48, 5.04, 5.27, 4.99),
                     X19_Name = c("Name_B", "Name_A", "Name_A", "Name_A", "Name_C", "Name_B"),
                     X19_Score = c(5.22, 5.61, 4.89, 4.93, 5.11, 5.01)),
                row.names = c(NA, -6L), class = "data.frame")

df %>%
  #get the data in long format creating two columns Name and Score
  pivot_longer(cols = -ID, 
               names_to = '.value',
               names_pattern = 'X\\d+(.*)') %>%
  #Get data in wide format. 
  pivot_wider(names_from = Name, values_from = Score)

Answer 1

您可以使用pivot_longer / pivot_wider執行整形 -

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)

df %>%
  #To drop empty NA columns
  select(-starts_with('Name')) %>%
  #Rename X1 to X1Name, X2 to X2Name and so on
  rename_with(~paste0(., 'Name'), matches('^X\\d+$')) %>%
  #get the data in long format creating two columns Name and Score
  pivot_longer(cols = -ID, 
               names_to = '.value',
               names_pattern = 'X\\d+(.*)') %>%
  #Get data in wide format. 
  pivot_wider(names_from = Name, values_from = Score)

#     ID Name_A Name_C Name_B
#  <int>  <dbl>  <dbl>  <dbl>
#1     1   4.58   4.79   5.22
#2     2   5.61   5.35   5.33
#3     3   4.89   5.48   5.59
#4     4   4.93   5.36   5.04
#5     5   5.39   5.11   5.27
#6     6   4.99   4.91   5.01

如果您想保留數據中的所有其他列並分別添加這 3 列，您可以將數據集與原始數據集連接起來。

...Code from above %>%
   left_join(df %>% select(-starts_with('Name')), by = 'ID')