如何將 R 目錄中的文件名與 CSV 列中的名稱匹配

Question

我正在嘗試編寫一個 r 腳本，該腳本將匹配目錄中的文件名並將其與位於 csv 文件中的文件名進行比較。 這樣我就可以知道已經下載了哪些文件以及需要下載哪些數據。 我編寫的代碼將從目錄中讀取文件並將它們列為 df 以及讀取 csv 文件。 但是，我無法更改文件名以提取我想要的字符串以及將文件名與 csv 文件中的名稱列匹配。 理想情況下，我還希望創建一個新的電子表格，它可以告訴我哪些文件匹配，這樣我就知道下載了什么。 這就是我到目前為止所擁有的。

# read files from directory and list as df
file_names <-list.files(path="KOMP/", 
                        pattern="nrrd",
                        all.files=TRUE,
                        full.names=TRUE,
                        recursive=TRUE) %>%
# turn into df
as.data.frame(x = file_names)

# read in xl file 
name_data <- read_excel("KOMP/all_data.xlsx")

# change the file_name from the string KOMP//icbm/agtc1/12dsfs.nrrd.txt  to -> 12dsfs
# match the file name with the name column in name_data
# create a new spread sheet that pulls the id and row if it has been downloaded [enter image description here][1]

Answer 1

示例文件/目錄

讓我們創建一個包含一些示例文件的示例目錄。 這將使我們證明該解決方案有效，並且是可重現解決方案的關鍵。

library(dplyr)
library(writexl)
library(readxl)

# Example directory with example files
dir.create(path = "KOMP")
write.csv(data.frame(x = 5), file = "KOMP/foo.csv")
write.csv(data.frame(x = 20), file = "KOMP/foo.nrrd.csv")
write.csv(data.frame(x = 1), file = "KOMP/foo2.nrrd.csv")
write.csv(data.frame(z = 2), file = "KOMP/bar.csv")
write.csv(data.frame(z = 5), file = "KOMP/bar.rrdr.csv")

# Example Excel file
write_xlsx(data.frame(name = c("foo", "hotdog")),
           path = "KOMP/all_data.xlsx")

解決方案

我們現在可以使用我們的示例文件和目錄來展示問題的解決方案。

# Get file paths in a data.frame for those that contain ".nrrd"
# Use data.frame() to avoid row names instead of as.data.frame()
# Need to use \\ to escape the period in the regular expression
file_names <- list.files(
  path = "KOMP/",
  pattern = "\\.nrrd",
  all.files = TRUE,
  full.names = TRUE,
  recursive = TRUE
) %>%
  data.frame(paths = .)

# Extract part of file name (i.e. removing directory substrings) that
# comes before .nrrd and add a column. Can get file name with basename()
# and use regular expressions for the other part.
file_names$match_string <- file_names %>%
  pull(paths) %>%
  basename() %>%
  gsub(pattern = "\\.nrrd.*", replacement = "")

file_names$match_string
#> [1] "foo"  "foo2"

# Read in excel file with file names to match (if possible)
name_data <- read_excel("KOMP/all_data.xlsx")

name_data$name
#> [1] "foo"    "hotdog"

# Create match indicator and row number
name_data <- name_data %>%
  mutate(
    matched = case_when(name %in% file_names$match_string ~ 1,
                        TRUE ~ 0),
    rowID = row_number()
  )

# Create excel spreadsheet of files already downloaded
name_data %>%
  filter(matched == 1) %>%
  write_xlsx(path = "KOMP/already_downloaded.xlsx")